No abstract

This study assessed the value of circRNAs (circular RNAs) as prognostic markers in BC (breast cancer). We searched pertinent studies on the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science online databases published according to PRISMA guidelines. A random-effects model for meta-analysis was used to assess the combined effect size of the HRs (hazard ratios) of the included studies. The heterogeneity test used Cochran's Q-test and I2 statistics. Thirty of the 520 trials retrieved were included in the systematic review. A total of 11 chemotherapeutic agents were used in the included studies. A total of 30 studies on 30 circRNAs were included in the systematic review. Of the 30 relevant circRNAs, 28 were upregulated and two were downregulated in breast cancer versus normal samples, and both were associated with increased drug resistance. Nine of 30 studies were used for the meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the groups with circRNA upregulation and circRNA downregulation showed the same prognostic risk (HR = 1.37, 95% Cl: 0.80–2.36, I2 = 63.7%). The results of subgroup analysis showed that both upregulated circRNAs (HR = 2.24, 95% Cl: 1.34–3.75, I2 = 0%) and downregulated circRNAs (HR = 0.61, 95% Cl: 0.45–0.83, I2 = 0%) were associated with poor BC prognosis. Collectively, the results of all relevant articles collected indicated that circRNAs showed good potential as possible clinical biomarkers of chemoresistance in BC patients.

BackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are receiving increasing attention as novel biomarkers. Our goal was to investigate the diagnostic, clinicopathological, and prognostic utility of circRNAs in prostate cancer (PCa).MethodsRelevant literature was searched in PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE. Sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), and the area under the curve (AUC) were calculated to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of circRNA expression. circRNAs’ clinical, pathological, and prognostic value was examined using pooled odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs).ResultsThis meta-analysis included 23 studies, with 5 for diagnosis, 16 for clinicopathological parameters, and 10 for prognosis. For diagnostic value, the pooled sensitivity, pooled specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR, and AUC were 0.82, 0.62, 2.17, 0.29, 7.37, and 0.81, respectively. Upregulation of carcinogenic circRNAs was associated with poor clinical parameters (Gleason score: OR = 0.222, 95% CI: 0.145–0.340; T classification: OR = 0.274, 95% CI: 0.175–0.430; lymph node metastasis: OR = 0.353, 95% CI: 0.175–0.716; tumor size: OR = 0.226, 95% CI: 0.099–0.518) and could predict poor survival outcomes (HR = 2.408, 95% CI: 1.559–3.720, p < 0.001). Conversely, downregulation of tumor-suppressor circRNAs was also associated with poor clinical parameters (Gleason score: OR = 1.689, 95% CI: 1.144–2.493; T classification: OR = 2.586, 95% CI: 1.779–3.762) and worse prognosis (HR = 1.739, 95% CI: 1.147–2.576, p = 0.006).ConclusionOur results showed that circRNAs might be useful biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of PCa.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42021284785.

Electrochemical enzymatic biosensors represent a promising, low-cost technology for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics that allows fast response and simple sample processing procedures. In this review, we summarize up-to-date literature on NAD+/NADH (β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)-dependent electrochemical dehydrogenase biosensors and highlight their applications in human physiological fluids. A brief comparison of various enzyme immobilization procedures is first presented, discussing preparation processes and principal analytical performance characteristics. In the following section, we briefly discuss classes of biosensors based on redox mediators-mediated electron transfer systems (METs). Finally, the conclusion section summarizes the ongoing challenges in the fabrication of NAD+-dependent electrochemical dehydrogenase biosensors and gives an outlook on future research studies.