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The introduction of suitable catalytic hosts is considered as a suitable way to hinder the "shuttling effect" of lithium polysulfides (LPSs) in lithium−sulfur (Li−S) batteries. At present, most catalytic hosts can accelerate the conversion of LPSs, but there are few reports that catalytic hosts accelerate the conversion of solid-phase discharge products (Li 2 S 2 /Li 2 S) into liquid-phase LPSs. Herein, a heterostructure catalyst with flaky WS 2modified TiO 2 hollow spheres (WS 2 -TiO 2 ) is reported, which accelerates the conversion between liquid-phase LPSs and solidphase Li 2 S 2 /Li 2 S. A Li−S battery with S@WS 2 -TiO 2 cathode exhibits an initial discharge specific capacity of 1091.7 mAh g −1 at 0.3C, outstanding rate capability of 378.7mAh g −1 at 10C, and low capacity decay of 0.0753% per cycle over 800 cycles at 1C. Therefore, this work provides a suitable way to construct heterosturcture catalytic hosts to realize the commercial application of Li−S batteries.

PC-based open architecture control systems (OAC) become the major trend in CNC control system development. This paper focuses on the development of a complete 3D simulator for an OAC system to verify a G-code file before sending it to a CNC machine to avoid risks of damaging expensive work pieces, breaking tools and fixtures or even crashing a CNC machine because of some programming error, it also can display the tool path in real-time mode when machining to make the user have better experience. In order to achieve the best performance, OpenGL application programming interface (API) for rendering and 3D visualization of tool path was adopted. Regular expression is used for faster G-code parsing. The programming platform is Visual Studio 2008.

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