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Background: Accurate clinical staging is crucial to managing gastrointestinal cancer, but fluorine 18 (18 F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT has limitations. Targeting fibroblast-activation protein is a newer diagnostic approach for the visualization of tumor stroma, and gallium 68 (68 Ga)-labeled fibroblast-activation protein inhibitors (FAPIs), hereafter 68 Ga-FAPIs, present a promising alternative to 18 F-FDG. Purpose: To compare the diagnostic efficacy of 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT in primary and metastatic lesions of gastrointestinal malignancies with that of 18 F-FDG PET/CT. Materials and Methods: Images from patients with gastric, duodenal, and colorectal cancers who underwent contemporaneous 18 F-FDG and 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT between October 2019 through June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. 18 F-FDG and 68 Ga-FAPI uptakes were compared by using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The McNemar test was used to compare the diagnostic performance between the two techniques. Results: Thirty-five patients (median age, 64 years [interquartile range, 53-68 years]; 18 men) were evaluated. In treatment-naive patients (n = 19), 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT led to upstaging of the clinical TNM stage in four (21%) patients compared with 18 F-FDG PET/CT. Tracer uptake was higher with 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT than with 18 F-FDG PET/CT in primary lesions (gastric cancer: 12.7 vs 3.7, respectively, P = .003; colorectal cancer: 15.9 vs 7.9, P = .03), involved lymph nodes (6.7 vs 2.4, P , .001), and bone and visceral metastases (liver metastases: 9.7 vs 5.2, P , .001; peritoneal metastases: 8.4 vs 3.6, P , .001; bone metastases: 4.3 vs 2.2, P , .001; lung metastases: 4.4 vs 1.9, P = .01). In addition, the sensitivity of 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT was higher than that of 18 F-FDG PET/CT in the detection of primary tumors (100% [19 of 19] vs 53% [10 of 19], respectively; P = .004), lymph nodes (79% [22 of 28] vs 54% [15 of 28], P , .001), and bone and visceral metastases (89% [31 of 35] vs 57% [20 of 35], P , .001). Conclusion: Gallium 68 fibroblast-activation protein inhibitor PET/CT was superior to fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT in the detection of primary and metastatic lesions in gastric, duodenal, and colorectal cancers, with higher tracer uptake in most primary and metastatic lesions. Published under a CC BY 4.0 license.

For citation : Hou H., Gao R., Kröner A., Zhang X., Zhang S., 2017. Discussion on the relationship between deep seismic reflection patterns and tectonic units of the eastern part of the Central Asian

Concurrent hearing and genetic screening of newborns is expected to play important roles not only in early detection and diagnosis of congenital deafness, which triggers intervention, but also in predicting late-onset and progressive hearing loss and identifying individuals who are at risk of drug-induced HL. Concurrent hearing and genetic screening in the whole newborn population in Beijing was launched in January 2012. This study included 180,469 infants born in Beijing between April 2013 and March 2014, with last followup on February 24, 2018. Hearing screening was performed using transiently evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) and automated auditory brainstem response (AABR). For genetic testing, dried blood spots were collected and nine variants in four genes, GJB2, SLC26A4, mtDNA 12S rRNA, and GJB3, were screened using a DNA microarray platform. Of the 180,469 infants, 1,915 (1.061%) were referred bilaterally or unilaterally for hearing screening; 8,136 (4.508%) were positive for genetic screening (heterozygote, homozygote, or compound heterozygote and mtDNA homoplasmy or heteroplasmy), among whom 7,896 (4.375%) passed hearing screening. Forty (0.022%) infants carried two variants in GJB2 or SLC26A4 (homozygote or compound heterozygote) and 10 of those infants passed newborn hearing screening. In total, 409 (0.227%) infants carried the mtDNA 12S rRNA variant (m.1555A>G or m.1494C>T), and 405 of them passed newborn hearing screening. In this cohort study, 25% of infants with pathogenic combinations of GJB2 or SLC26A4 variants and 99% of infants with an m.1555A>G or m.1494C>T variant passed routine newborn hearing screening, indicating that concurrent screening provides a more comprehensive approach for management of congenital deafness and prevention of ototoxicity.