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A non-contact glass thickness and refractive index measurement method based on spectral interferometry is proposed. The method uses the Michelson interference principle to calculate the interference signal obtained by the spectrometer using the Fourier transform algorithm to obtain the modulation period of the spectral interference fringes. The geometrical thickness and refractive index of a glass sample can be calculated from the optical path difference between the reflected light of the reference arm and that of the front and back surfaces of the glass sample before and after being placed in the measuring arm. The linear interpolation method is used to resample the interference pattern in the frequency domain to ensure uniform sampling. It also adopts an improved phase extraction algorithm in the Fourier domain, which improves the anti-interference ability of the measurement system, and it exhibits a fast detection speed and high signal-to-noise ratio. To verify the accuracy of the measurement results of this method, a high-precision coordinate measuring machine is used for comparative experiments, and the characteristics of the tested object are analyzed. The experimental results show that the measurement accuracy of the system is in good agreement with that of a high-precision coordinate measuring machine.

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