Abstract-During the life oil wells, production process usually passes three stages. Primary recovery uses the natural source of energy. Pumps and gas lifting are involved in the primary recovery. The main purpose of secondary recovery process is to maintain the reservoir pressure by either a natural gas flooding or water flooding.The rise in world oil prices has encouraged the producers to use the new technical developments. Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a collection of sophisticated methods, to extract the most oil from a reservoir. EOR can be divided into two major types of techniques: thermal and non-thermal recovery. Each technique has a specific use in a certain type of reservoirs.Among non-thermal techniques is the gas flooding, where gas is generally injected single or intermittently with water. Flue gas and nitrogen have only limited application as agents of a miscible displacement in deep and high pressure reservoirs.Although new development processes such as water alternating gas (WAG) or Simultaneous water alternating gas (SWAG), are implemented, there are still some problems encountered by EOR engineers. This paper is discussing the last updating in this field.Index Terms-Enhanced oil recovery (EOR), miscible flooding, nitrogen injection, water alternating gas (WAG).
The deposition or crystallization of wax paraffin from crude oils is one of the crucial issues faced in the petroleum industry particularly when the temperature of the crude oil is below the wax appearance temperature (WAT). Pour Point Depressants (PPDs) chemical is proven to be an efficient way to solve this problem. This study investigated poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate(EVA)) and Poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene)(MA) polymer inhibitors on the van der Waals intermolecular interaction between the major wax component molecule n-octacosane C 28 H 58 , via molecular dynamics simulation (MD) technique on Material Studio 5.5 software Package. COMPASS force field was applied to analyse the desired structural property, Radial Distribution Function (RDF). The results showed that the radial distribution function and g (r) value is able to give the insight on which particular type of fuctional atoms were benefit to inhibit the self-agglomerate of the wax crystal formation. The presence of carbonyl oxygen in EVA plays a significant role to inhibit the wax formation through the van der Waals interaction between active hydrogen atoms in n-octacosane molecule. Therefore the chances of wax inhibition in octacosane is higher by introduced EVA as inhibitor compared to MA.
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