The relevance of early detection of fire signs is quite obvious because due to the necessary measures for evacuating of people and material values, disconnecting the electrical equipment and extinguishing the fire at the time of the onset of fire or passive smoldering, human casualties can be completely avoided and economic losses can be minimized.A graphical representation of fire detectors' the classification in the form of a generalized scheme using all the main classification features, their advantages and disadvantages is given. The optimal areas for the use of detectors depending on the fire load are determined. The effectiveness of combined fire detectors' use, equipped in addition to traditional smoke and heat sensors with gas sensors, as an integrated approach to the organization of control over protected objects is shown.The results of development of highly sensitive two-zone sensor with sensitive elements based on iron oxide films for detecting the release of explosive and poisonous gases in the initial stage of decay before the formation of ignition conditions are presented. The use of gas sensors that respond to hazardous gases in the environment significantly reduces the risk of death due to carbon monoxide poisoning.

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РЕЗЮМЕСложность дифференциальной диагностики болезни Паркинсона на начальных и доклинических стадиях требует поиска информативных, инструментальных методов исследования. Наряду с магнитнорезонансной томографией в последние годы для диагностики болезни Паркинсона большое внимание уделяется ультразвуковому исследованию, в частности транскраниальной сонографии (ТКС), состояния черной субстанции головного мозга. Несмотря на широкое обсуждение результатов ультразвукового исследования при болезни Паркинсона, остаются дискутабельными вопросы динамики феномена гиперэхогенности черной субстанции в зависимости от клинических форм и стадии заболевания.Целью настоящего исследования является изучение вариантов изменений черной субстанции головного мозга по данным ТКС у пациентов с болезнью Паркинсона в зависимости от клинической формы и стадии заболевания. Материалы и методы. Обследованы 100 пациентов с болезнью Паркинсона методом ТКС через височное окно с применением ультразвукового сканера Toshiba Aplio 500 (Япония) с помощью секторного датчика с частотой 2,5 мГц.Результаты. Выявлено, что асимметричный вариант изменений черной субстанции превалировал в каждой клинической группе больных и чаще регистрировался при акинетико-ригидной форме, наибольшие изменения наблюдали во II и III стадии болезни.Ключевые слова: болезнь Паркинсона, транскраниальная сонография, черная субстанция.

To study the effect of certain parameters of atherogenesis on the clinical manifestations of Parkinson's disease. Material and methods. A total of 84 patients were examined: 32 of them with BP and 52 without clinical signs of BP (comparison group). A method of duplex scanning of the extracranial region of the brachiocephalic arteries was applied using a Toshiba 500 ultrasound scanner using a linear sensor with a frequency of 12 MHz (Toshiba Aplio-2010). Results. As a result of this work, indicators were obtained indicating a lower level of total cholesterol and its fractions, as well as lower values of CMM thickness at the level of the bifurcation of the carotid arteries with a more rare occurrence of atherosclerotic plaques in the lumen of the vessels in the main group, unlike the comparison group. A direct correlation was established between the thickness of the CMI of the carotid arteries at the level of bifurcation on both sides, as well as between the level of LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol. Analysis of lipid metabolism and intima-media complex thickness in patients with varying degrees of severity of Parkinson's disease on the Hen-Yar scale revealed a statistically significant relationship between total cholesterol in the blood of patients with PD and the degree of motor manifestations of the Henn Yar scale. The maximum concentration of total cholesterol is noted in the mixed (acido-rigid-shivering) form of BP. Conclusion. Thus, the results of ultrasound and laboratory studies indicate a decrease in atherogenesis in Parkinson's disease, which suggests a decrease in the risk of atherosclerosis in this cohort of patients. Keywords: parkinson's disease, duplex scanning of the extracranial part of brachiocephalic arteries, atherosclerosis, thickness of intima-media.

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