Examined and summarized the types of liquid crystals. Analyzed structural characteristics of smectic, nematic and cholesteric liquid crystals. It is noted that cholesteric liquid crystals are helically twisted structure, the pitch of the helix which is temperature dependent and individual chemical properties of liquid-crystalline compounds of cholesterol. Results on the influence of temperature on rheological properties of cholesteric liquid crystals are presents.This chapter describes briefly main ideas of liquid crystals, their structure and properties. Such approach seems reasonable since it does not require searching corresponding publications.
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