The significant role of the United States in global innovative industrial production and related foreign trade in high-tech products requires studying the interaction between these two phenomena of economic development of the country in the space-time continuum. By studying the dynamics of structural indicators of export-import components of US foreign trade in industrial goods with high knowledge intensity and the nature of their ratio in absolute terms (balance) for the period 1946-2019, long-term trends that determine its sectoral (in this case, by product groups) and territorial (spatial) structure in the global system of world economic relations are revealed. The interrelation of the de-industrialization of the American economy as a whole and the constant growth of the innovative potential of the industrial sector of the US economy with a slowdown in the external economic impact of the country's high-tech industries on the world market is shown, despite the historically established competitive advantages of this group of manufacturing industries and their successful development in the domestic market of the United States.

Stimulation of the pace and formation of the structure of regional economic growth is invariably one of the fundamental goals of the regional economic policy pursued by the subjects of the federal state. In the context of the cyclical development of regional economic systems and the beginning of the regionalization of the economy of the world leader – the United States of America - the problem of spatial and temporal differentiation of the choice of priorities to stimulate regional economic growth is becoming more urgent. Using the methods of regression modeling and economic statistics, an analysis was made of the influence of the main instruments of regional economic policy on the dynamics of regional economic growth over a long period of time 1961–2020 and forecast up to 2030. The obtained results revealed spatial asymmetries in the combination of the use of fiscal instruments and structural investment measures to regulate economic growth, associated with the level of development of subregions and individual states of the country. The transfer of the investment burden to stimulate regional economic growth in times of crisis to the end consumer is noted. The article substantiates the increasing role of such an instrument of regional policy as the selective regulation of aggregate regional export in the long term, indicating the transition from globalization to regionalization of the development of the economic systems of the states and largest municipalities of the United States to maintain the pace of regional economic growth while changing its structure.

Based on the use of the methods of mathematical statistics, in combination with the use of evolutionary-genetic and systemic-cyclical approaches to the study of the dynamics of the average annual growth rates of indicators of innovation activity in the mega-regions of the United States in the space-time continuum, tendencies of megaregionalization at all stages of the innovation cycle and implementation are revealed. innovative product. The quantitative accumulation of results characterizing the innovation process during periods of qualitative change in the structural phases of the American accumulation cycle and technological orders in 1961–2020, correlated with each other, contributes to the understanding of the evolution of the US mega-regions as self-sufficient entities that determine civilizationally necessary social phenomena – innovation and the knowledge economy.

Over the past 70 years, human capital, which is the most important factor in the innovation process and innovation activity in the United States, has acquired spatial forms corresponding to territorial innovation systems. Under the influence of the instruments of the state regional innovation policy, the regionalization of the development of human capital in the United States has gone through its own evolutionary path, dialectically coupled with the cyclical processes of socio-economic and technological development of society. The tendencies of human capital regionalization revealed on the basis of the systemic and evolutionary approaches reveal the subject-object essence of the research. The phenomenon of regionalization of human capital development investigated in the work is reflected in the dynamics of average annual growth rates, under the influence of the unambiguous in its direction, but having subregional differences in the instruments of selective equalization and proactive regional innovation policy, as well as differences at the level of the leading states of the United States.

A trend has been identified that reflects a close correlation between the main indicators of US foreign trade and innovation activities carried out in the modern American economy. The article shows the essence of the national innovation system established in the United States and its international significance in the implementation of foreign trade relations of the country in terms of the exchange of scientific and technical information and documentation, the sale of products with a high innovative component, determined by a comparative analysis of relevant indicators. Based on the results of the study noted the positive dynamics of the active foreign trade balance of the USA in the field of exchange of scientific and technical information and documentation, with a high positive balance, the conclusions about the qualitative dominance of the leading industries of the U.S. economy in terms of aggregate innovation and foreign trade activity in ten leading countries of the world.