subject of the study is the trade relations between Russia and Germany and France in the conditions of sluggish global recession and long-term sanctions pressure on the Russian economy. The purpose of the study was to identify commodity clusters that ensure the stability of commodity relations. The source of the estimated statistical indicators is the information of the Federal customs service of the Russian Federation, and the method is the cluster analysis of the commodity agglomeration for export and import. The study identified the optimal clusters of commodity relations between Russia, Germany and France. It is shown that the trade turnover between Russia and Germany in the commodity cluster "Mineral fuel, oil and their distillation products; bituminous substances; mineral waxes" is a fundamental factor in the formation of trade relations for the EU countries. France, as a member of the European Union, will adhere to the structure of trade turnover in Germany, including through the fragmentation of saturated commodity clusters. In the context of increasing US sanctions pressure, Russia will ensure its existence in its traditional role as a "raw materials appendix" to the European Union, keeping trade relations with Germany.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.