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Morphological features of Tenon's capsule of 47 samples from 35 children with various types of clinical refraction were studied. The material was taken during the surgery of squint and posterior scleral plombage in progressive myopia. The samples of the Tenon's capsule were studied using transmission electron microscopy. We obtained the following results: with increased refraction occurs reduction in the density of collagen fiber bundles location 47. 84±4.54 and 28.72±4.18 (р=0.004), an increase of fibroblasts density 1.10±0.13 and 1.56±0.12 of 10 4 μm 2 (р=0.001) and increasing the maximum length of fibroblasts 20.72±1.64 and 25.95±1.45 (р=0.005), with hyperopia and progressive myopia, respectively. In progressive myopia, unlike hyperopia, in the structure of Tenon's capsule hyperplasia, hypertrophy of the fibroblasts and hyperplasia of ultrastructure are observed, which is accompanied by an increased functional activity of organelles and indicates the active participation of fibroblasts in the remodeling of Tenon's capsule.