The trophic spectrum of wild hoofed animals Caucasus, mineral nutrition is important. As an experiment, 67 quarter forestry Adler, Sochi National Park, near the habitat of the сaucasian chamois was laid artificial source of salt. Materials for the study of the value of mineral nutrition of wild animals were the photos produced by the installation of the pilot area of automatic photo-recorder. Gathered for the annual period photographs were processed and systematized. The data allowed analyzing the dynamics of artificial source of salt visit.
The article shows the urgency of such significant woodlands as, for example, natural and artificial planting of the Prof. B.M. Kozo-Polyansky Botanical Garden, Voronezh State University, for the environment of big city. We briefly characterize the botanical garden, its origins and the present conditions. The main goal of the definition of forest pathology and health status of all the stand has been put on one of the key areas of the botanical garden referred to as "Northern ravine oak wood."
For the ecology of the big city it is very important to have such a significant woodland, as, for example, natural and artificial plantings of Prof. BM Kozo-Polyansky Botanical Garden, Voronezh State University. The article briefly characterizes the botanical garden, its origins and the present conditions. The main goal of the definition of forest pathology and health status of all the stand has been put on one of the key areas of the botanical garden referred to as "Northern ravine oak wood." In conducting research we use standard methods of forest inventory and forest pathology examination with appropriate post-processing. The detailed data on the composition, taxation rates and conditions of the studied plants are given. Complete loss of the composition of exotic species planted in 30-x – 70-ies of the last century is revealed and we determine an accelerated death of English oak and European white birch, which is actively being replaced by Norway maple and Scotch elm. Comparative analyzes of forestpathological characteristics of the main forest-forming species of this area is made, and conclusions about the lack of competitiveness of such artificially planted exotic species as the horse chestnut, bitternut walnut and European larch in natural groves stands is drawn. A list of found external characteristics of each species diseases in the surveyed forest stand is given. On English oak leading pathological features are: shrinkage of the skeletal branches and inboard hollows. On the Norway maple there are also a lot of dead skeletal branches, and a lot of trees with pathological forms of the barrel. The main conclusion of the work lies in the fact that the stock data on shrunken and especially drying trees testify to the strong weakening of the stand. Conducting sanitary measures in the form of selective sanitary cutting is required for its recovery.
Intensive human exploration of the mountain territories, and the uncontrolled destruction of the Per-sian leopard, has led to that now the predator almost completely disappeared from the Russian part of the Caucasus. Currently, self-healing of the Caucasian leopard population is considered impossible, and the only way out of this situation is the reintroduction of species into former habitats. To solve this problem, in the framework of fundamental research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, with the support of WWF-Russia, the Program to restore the Persian leopard population in the Caucasus has been developed.
УДК 338.2 КОНТРОЛЛИНГ-МЕХАНИЗМ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ РАЗВИТИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО СУБЪЕКТА доктор экономических наук, профессор И. М. Подмолодина 1 доктор экономических наук, профессор В. П. Воронин 1 кандидат экономических наук, доцент Е. М. Коновалова 2 Е. А. Титова 2 1-ФГБОУ ВО «Воронежский государственный университет инженерных технологий», г. Воронеж, Российская Федерация 2-Воронежский филиал ФГБОУ ВО «Российский экономический университет имени Г.В. Плеханова», г. Воронеж, Российская Федерация В условиях перманентно продолжающегося второе десятилетие мирового финансово-экономического кризиса экономические субъекты в России все острее ощущают потребность в обеспечении устойчивости своего развития, поиске инструментов и механизмов ее обеспечения. В статье отмечены характерные особенности экономической категории «устойчивое развитие», определяемые научно-технологической революцией, в том числе: совершенствованием технологии производства, использованием новых видов материалов и сырья, что ведет к снижению стоимостных объемов производства продукции. При этом устойчивость развития предприятия рассматривается как свойство, характеризующее стабильность деятельности предприятия, возможность отражать отрицательное воздействие внешних и внутренних факторов, способность предприятия производить продукцию в объемах, удовлетворяющих потребности населения, достаточного уровня качества, рациональное использование ресурсов при минимизации затрат. В статье определены внешние факторы, влияющие на устойчивость развития, с учетом которых строится логика планирования бизнесдеятельности экономических субъектов. В качестве механизма обеспечения устойчивого развития рассматривается контроллинг, который позволяет не только оценивать текущее состояние коммерческой, бюджетной и социальной эффективности, но и вырабатывать управленческие решения для повышения их эффективности. Для наглядности эффективности применения механизма контроллинга в практической деятельности приведен пример анализа затрат на примере одного из производителей колбасных и мясных деликатесов Липецкой области. Ключевые слова: устойчивость развития, экономический субъект, контроллинг, механизм.
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