In the process of breeding work with the Pisum sativum culture, its manufacturability increases due to the introduction of new economically valuable features, as a result of the influence of abiotic factors on pea varieties is transformed. The work is relevant in timely identification of changes in influences and analysis of these transformations on the reconstructed genotype are important in breeding evolution. The material for the study was 12 samples of five varieties of Pisum sativum. The adaptability and stability indices of the samples – Indicator of the stability level of the variety, stability index, stress tolerance, breeding value, and the dependence of the adaptive properties of the culture on the complexity of its genotype were determined. The stress tolerance of the varieties was chaotic; its relationship with the evolution of the genotype is very weak. A strong positive relationship was revealed between the complication of the genotype and the coefficient of variation; a strong negative relationship was revealed between the resistance and stability index of the varieties. Strong negative dependencies were revealed between the evolution of culture and the stability index, as well as breeding value.

Resistance to lodging is one of the important factors in increasing manufacturability, which is one of the priority tasks for breeding peas. In connection with the morphotypes variety expansion, studies aimed at determining their resistance to lodging and the influence of various factors on it are relevant. The research was carried out in the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe, in the breeding nursery of the initial material. The article presents the results of a three-year study (2017–2019) of the following morphotypes: lamellar, with a baleen type of leaf, chameleons, with dissected leaflets, multiple odd-pinnate, lupinoids. Three samples of each morphotype were analyzed for the study. The aim of the work was to determine the proportion of various factors’ influence on the lodging of peas. The objectives of the study included calculating the lodging coefficients for each morphotype and identifying the effect on lodging of the following parameters: weight of seeds per plant, length of plants, weight of green mass during the flowering period, the number of unproductive nodes. In the course of the lodging coefficients analysis, it was found that the samples of the chameleon morphotype and the samples with the baleen type of leaf were less lodged, with a coefficient of 0.7. The lamellar and multiply odd-pinnate specimens became the most lodged: their lodging coefficient was 0.5. For all morphotypes, a strong relationship was found between the score for lodging resistance and the lodging coefficient. The lodging of all samples in the total sample was more influenced by the weight of seeds per plant (64.7%) and the weight of green mass in bloom (35.3%). When analyzing each of the morphotypes from the studied parameters, the weight of green mass prevailed in the effect on the lodging of samples of dissected leafy (88.4%), multiple-pinnate (41.3%) and mustachioed (83.7%) morphotypes. The weight of seeds from plants had a greater effect on lodging of samples of lupinoid (50.0%) and lamellar (36.8%) morphotypes; the length of plants was relevant for chameleons (32.4%) and leafy (36.8%) specimens, and the number of unproductive nodes was relevant for chameleons (32.4%).

Исследования проводились в лесостепи Восточной Сибири в 2018–2019 годах. Для создания сортов гороха (Pisum sativum L.) с высокой кормовой продуктивностью необходимо включать в селекционный процесс листочковые формы вместо более технологичных усатых сортов. Цель исследования — анализ коллекции гороха листочкового морфотипа для селекции на кормовые цели. Материалом для исследования послужили 20 образцов гороха листочкового морфотипа. Образцы оценивали по укосной и зерновой продуктивности. Погодные условия в годы проведения исследований отличались от среднемноголетних значений: 2018 год был очень засушливым (ГТК — 0,60), 2019 год — засушливым (ГТК — 0,89). Урожайность зависела от биологических особенностей сорта и погодных условий годов исследований. Следует отметить высокую продуктивность сорта гороха полевого Интенсивный 92: в оба года он попал в верхнюю часть ранжированного списка, превысив стандарт. В среднем по урожайности зелёной массы сорт Интенсивный 92 превосходил стандарт Радомир на 3,40 т/га, по урожайности семян — сорт Орпела на 0,10 т/га. Рентабельность производства зелёной массы сорта Интенсивный 92 оказалась на 53,7% выше стандарта. По рентабельности производства зерна сорт Орпела превысил стандарт на 8,8%. Выделены источники важных хозяйственных признаков: для селекции на увеличение урожайности семян — горох полевой Орпела; урожайности зелёной массы — сорта Апостол и Интенсивный 92; в качестве источника семенной продуктивности растений — сорта Тюменский кормовой, Шал, Орпела; устойчивости к полеганию — Альбенс и Орпела; устойчивости к аскохитозу и тле — Clause и Id 29200910. The investigation took place in the forest-steppe of the Eastern Siberia in 2018–2019. To create pea (Pisum sativum L.) varieties with high feed productivity, it is necessary to include leafy forms in a breeding process instead of leafless varieties suitable for machine harvesting. The research aimed at screening a collection of leafy peas for breeding feed varieties. 20 leafy varieties were analyzed according to their green mass and grain productivity. Weather conditions differed from the long-term average values: 2018 was very dry (hydrothermal index = 0.60), 2019 — dry (hydrothermal index = 0.89). Productivity depended on plant biology and meteorological conditions. Pea variety “Intensivny 92” showed high productivity ; it hit the top of the ranked list, exceeding the standard in both years. “Intensivny 92” exceeded the standard “Radomir” in green mass yield by 3.40 t ha-1 and“Orpela” — in grain productivity by 0.10 t ha-1. The profitability of green mass production of “Intensivny 92” was 53.7% higher than the standard. The profitability of “Orpela” grain production exceeded the standard by 8.8%. The sources of economically important traits were found: field pea “Orpela” — to increase grain yield; “Apostol” and “Intensivny 92” — for high green mass yield; “Tyumenskiy kormovoy”, “Shal”, “Orpela” — high seed productivity; “Albens” and “Orpela” — lodging resistance; Clause and Id 29200910 — resistance to Ascochyta leaf spot and aphids.

В статье отражены основные показатели кормопроизводства Красноярского края, показана динамика производства основных видов кормов, площадь естественных кормовых угодий, урожайность, поголовье и продуктивность скота. Намечены меры развития кормопроизводства и условия для его успешного развития.

The study of productivity and manufacturability of pea varieties, both existing and removed from zoning, was carried out. The tasks of the paper included analysis of a sample of pea varieties in terms of yield, the main features of productivity - the number of productive and unproductive nodes, seeds and beans per plant, their variability; assessment of the influence of the genotype, growing conditions and the interaction of these factors in the formation of signs of productivity and manufacturability; identifying the relationship between the main features of productivity, productivity and manufacturability in order to determine the vectors for further breeding work with the crop. In terms of yield, the effectiveness of the crop variety change was revealed. In terms of productivity elements, the Kan variety had the maximum indicators, which allows us to consider it as a source in terms of the number of beans and seeds per plant. A significant influence of the genotype on resistance to lodging of 53.34% was revealed, with the influence of the conditions of the year of 0.77%, the interaction of factors of 45.87%, and the average positive dependence of yield with resistance to lodging of plants in varieties with a mustachioed leaf type (ґ=0.63±0.19), therefore, the introduction in the breeding process of high-tech varieties can help increase yields. In different years, the yield was influenced by different signs of productivity (2019 - the number of beans and seeds, 2020 - the number of grains of the bean, 2021 - the number of productive nodes and the grain content of the bean), with a strong mutual contingency (r = 0.76...0.93). Due to the impossibility of isolating any one trait that affects the yield, breeding work should be carried out in a comprehensive manner and be aimed at the development of all elements of productivity.