Objective. To determine the attitude of world religions to surrogacy, to analyze relevant regulatory legal acts of a number of European countries, to identify the main problems associated with the practice of surrogacy.Materials and methods. To achieve the above objective, we analyzed up-to-date literary sources and studied regulatory legal acts of several European countries.Results. The attitude of world religions to surrogacy has been analyzed. The legal acts regulating the concerns in relation to surrogacy in different countries of the world have been presented. The main problems associated with the practice of surrogacy have been outlined.Conclusion. The social value of surrogacy as a way of procreation is obvious. In conditions of low life expectancy, increasing number of infertile marriages, population aging in a number of countries in the world, this method of reproduction allows preventing adverse demographics. When it comes to commercial contract, the institution of surrogacy solves economic problems of a certain category of population.High costs of medical manipulations, legal aspects, and religious problems of procreation using the method of surrogacy are not obstacles to the further development of this type of reproductive techniques.

Objective: to present modern views of the professional medical communities of the USA, Europe and Russian Federation on the issue of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) published in the form of clinically approved recommendations and guidelines for the treatment of patients with this pathology.Material and methods. To achieve the above objective, we analyzed modern literary sources dealing with this issue.Results. We have reviewed the main clinical guidelines on this topic taking into account the comparison of methodological aspects, recommendations and their results, and highlighted the main problems associated with the diagnosis and treatment of patients with eosinophilic esophagitis.Conclusion. Over the past years, the study of EoE has reached a qualitatively new level. However, the pathogenesis of eosinophilic esophagitis, as well as the methods of its diagnosis, treatment and prevention, are still at the stage of their deep study and improvement. The issue of eosinophilic esophagitis should be considered as an interdisciplinary one, since it involves the interaction of a pediatrician and/or therapist, allergist, gastroenterologist, nutritionist, endoscopist, and pathomorphologist.

Objective: to define the concept and essence of surrogacy, to study the history of its origin and approaches to solution of fertility problems with its help in different countries of the world, to analyze the attitude of modern generation to surrogacy. Material and methods. To achieve the above objective, various literary sources were analyzed. Also, a sociological survey of 60 students of Gomel State Medical University was conducted. Results. The performed analysis has found historical regularities of the use of surrogacy aimed at procreation since ancient times up till now. The retrospective statistical data of primary and secondary infertility in the world have been given. The modern possibilities of assisted reproductive technologies making it possible for childless families to have their own children have been described. The sociological survey has revealed that most boys and girls - 90 % are «for» using assisted reproductive technologies, and also the majority of the respondents think that it is acceptable to bring up a surrogate child by a single woman (85 %) or man (73 %). However, only 47 % of the respondents agree with the fact that a surrogate child may be raised by homosexual parents. Conclusion. Female and male infertility is a problem that is topical worldwide. Surrogacy is an assisted reproductive technology which in many cases is the only option for people to have their genetic children. In modern society, surrogacy is used by single women and men, including homosexuals. The attitude of modern generation to this fact is positive in most cases.

The article is devoted to an urgent problem of gastroenterology — eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) in children. This problem has not been suffciently studied and requires further research and observation of clinicians. This article will be of interest to gastroenterologists, allergists, pediatricians, general practitioners, rehabilitation therapists, endoscopists, and pathomorphologists. The paper presents a description of a clinical case of EoE, the diagnosis of which was carried out only at the stage of complications, such as food penetration into the esophagus.