The article considers the current state and prospects for development of the history of transport as an academic discipline, the study of which is an integral part of training of specialists for the industry. Based on its understanding as of an interdisciplinary scientific field and integrative training course, the authors propose approaches to solving theoretical and methodological problems, and also show its significant heuristic potential, which allows to give answers to current challenges met by the transport sector. Special attention is paid to the issues of defining the boundaries of the subject field of the history of transport, the organic combination of the general transport and specific aspects met by the content of this academic discipline, as well as to the particularities of the global, national and regional levels of the genesis and evolution of transport.