BackgroundThe present study was initiated to investigate the effectiveness, safety and tolerability of complex homeopathic CalSuli-4-02 tablets on prevention of recurrent acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in children, in comparison to another complex homeopathic product.MethodsThe study was designed as a prospective, multicenter, randomized, open, clinical trial with two parallel treatment groups at four outpatient pediatric clinics in Russia. Children aged ≤ 6 years with susceptibility to acute URTIs (≥ three occasions during the last 6 months) were randomized to receive either CalSuli-4-02 or a comparator homeopathic product (control group) for 3 weeks. Primary outcome was the frequency of acute URTIs after 3 and 6 months post-treatment follow-up. Secondary endpoints were changes in complaints and symptoms (total and individual scores), treatment satisfaction, antibiotic use, safety and tolerability.ResultsThe intention-to-treat analysis involved 200 children (CalSuli-4-02: N = 99, Control: N = 101). In both treatment groups, the median number of acute URTIs was one for 3 months and two, respectively, for the full 6 months post-treatment (Relative Risk: 0.86 (95 %-CI: 0.72–1.03), p = 0.1099). Seasons had no influence on the outcome. At the end of study, CalSuli-4-02 had overall higher odds of getting lower complaints severity total score (Odds ratio: 1.99 (95 %-CI: 1.31–3.02), p = 0.0012) and showing symptom improvement (Odds ratio: 1.93 (95 %-CI: 1.25–3.00), p = 0.0033). Specifically, the complaint “appetite disorder” and the symptom “child’s activities” significantly improved more in the CalSuli-4-02 group (p = 0.0135 and p = 0.0063, respectively). Antibiotic use was decreased in both treatment groups at the study end. Overall assessment for satisfaction with and tolerability of treatment was higher with CalSuli-4-02. A low number of non-serious adverse drug reactions was reported (CalSuli-4-02: N = 4, Control: N = 1).ConclusionsBoth complex homeopathic products led to a comparable reduction of URTIs. In the CalSuli-4-02 group, significantly less URTI-related complaints and symptoms and higher treatment satisfaction and tolerability were detected. The observation that the use of antibiotics was reduced upon treatment with the complex homeopathic medications, without the occurrence of complications, is interesting and warrants further investigations on the potential of CalSuli-4-02 as an antibiotic sparing option.Clinical trial registration numberRoszdravnadzor: Study No 164–563

The article discusses the problem of teething in babies, the related mechanisms and factors. The research findings demonstrate the importance of different clinical symptoms of teething in infants, the relationship of the process with the baby's body type. Questions of the current therapy of pathological teething are considered.

Today, hundreds of millions of children under the age of 5 fall short of their development potential. Advances in neuroscience have confirmed that adult health and well-being are based on the developmental conditions and opportunities they had in early childhood, from conception to 24 months (first 1000 days) and then to the age of 5 (second 1000 days). Young children, who eat a healthy balanced diet, who are treated with care and attention, and who have more opportunities to learn, have a better chance to thrive. Data from a survey of adopted children, as well as experimental and quasi-experimental studies, showed that prevention of stunting is most effective during the first 1000 days and developmental delays in both the first and second 1000 days. External factors affect cognitive development significantly less after this period, and the older a person becomes, the less effective educational programs are, and the longer it takes to learn a new skill. In this regard, it is necessary to identify the degree of influence of nutrient components, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids and lutein, on the cognitive development of the child in the first year of life, as it determines the intellectual potential of the person throughout life. The goal of this review is to review the existing literature to find out how certain food components (polyunsaturated fatty acids and lutein) affect infant and toddler brain development.Keywords: omega-3, omega-6, polyunsaturated fatty acids, lutein, cognitive development

The authors discuss the features of the treatment of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in the modern era, emphasizing the lack of its efficacy due to the constantly emerging drug resistance in viruses and bacteria. The article substantiates and proposes a modern approach to the prevention and treatment of ARI, using preparations of natural origin. It also analyses the international and domestic experience in using the bioregulatory approach to the treatment of ARI in practical medicine. The legal basis for using the homoeopathy method in Russia is discussed. The authors share their own clinical experience, analyse a clinical case, provide the detailed history of life and illness of a child, and propose a consistent protocol for patient treatment alongside with an explanation of the chosen approach.

В 1945 г. J. Gambler и D. Darrow одновременно описали два случая тяжелой врожденной диареи. Результаты лабораторных исследований у младенцев в обоих случаях характеризовались высокой концентрацией хлоридов в кале, снижением экскреции хлоридов с мочой, гипохлоремией, гипокалиемией и метаболическим алкалозом [1, 2]. По мнению J. Gambler и соавт., патогенез заболевания мог © Коллектив авторов, 2018 Адрес для корреспонденции: Захарова Ирина Николаевна-д.м.н., проф., зав. кафедрой педиатрии Российской медицинской академии непрерывного профессионального образования Майкова Ирина Дмитриевна-к.м.н., зам. гл. врача по медицинской части Детской городской клинической больницы им. З.А.Башляевой Кузнецова Ольга Александровна-зав. 1-м педиатрическим отделением Детской городской клинической больницы им. З.А.Башляевой Гончарова Людмила Викторовна-врач-педиатр 1-го педиатрического отделения Детской городской клинической больницы им. З.А.Башляевой Холодова Ирина Николаевна-д.м.н., проф. кафедры педиатрии Российской медицинской академии непрерывного профессионального образования Зайденварг Галина Евгеньевна-к.м.н., доцент кафедры педиатрии Российской медицинской академии непрерывного профессионального образования Дмитриева Юлия Андреевна-к.м.н., доцент кафедры педиатрии Российской медицинской академии непрерывного профессионального образования Радченко Елена Равильевна-врач-гастроэнтеролог 1-го педиатрического отделения Детской городской клинической больницы им. З.А.Башляевой Воробьева Александра Сергеевна-врач-педиатр 1-го педиатрического отделения Детской городской клинической больницы им. З.А.Башляевой 125373 Москва, ул. Героев Панфиловцев, д. 28 Борзакова Светлана Николаевна-к.м.н., ассистент кафедры педиатрии с инфекционными болезнями у детей Российского национального исследовательского медицинского университета им. Н.И. Пирогова 117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, д.1