Relevance. The most popular cucumber in Russia is pickling type (lenght 10-12 cm). There are not a lot of varieties this type cucumber for high wire and LIT crop in Russian seeds market.Methods. Were tested russian varieties F1 Ciborg, F1 Bavarets (Gavrish company) in compare F1 Bjorn (Enza Zaden, Netherlands) – the most popular in Russia now. Russian customer prefer pickling type because of traditional Russian cuisine. Prices of pickling type cucumber at autumn-winter time in 1-1.5 times more than middle size type cucumber. We had artificial light 240 Wt/sq.m, sodium lamps, our substrate was rockwool – Belagro (company from Belarusian republic). This rockwool have normal quality for short crop (3-4 month for growing cucumber), our plant density 2.76 plant/sq.m it was optimal for our light conditions (natural light in our region and artificial light).Results. Fourteen days after we put plants on slabs we had problems with plants of both russian varieties (F1 Ciborg and F1 Bavarets). We saw yellow parts in leaves, decrease length of stems, lost flowers. We made a decision about too high level of artificial light. We had only one opportunity for decrease it switch off 50% of lamps. We made it and we had 120 Wt/sq.m that. Therefore, we spent 50% less electricity for russian varieties. We think varieties F1 Ciborg and F1 Bavarets not very good for winter crop and we had good results because in our situation we have winter-spring crop, and every day the part of artificial light decrease and the part of natural light increase. F1 Ciborg had a problem with CGMMV and was deleted in 24th week of 2020. But we suppose it depend from a lot of conditions: quality of labor, protection plants. We think it is necessary more additional research. Total yield (for ten weeks of harvesting in winter-spring crop) F1 Bavarets – 32.4 kg/sq.m., F1 Ciborg – 31.9 kg/sq.m more then had F1 Bjorn – 28.9 kg/sq.m. The best marketable condition was F1 Ciborg, the second F1 Bjorn.

Площади под свеклой в Российской Федерации колеблются в пределах 65-68 тыс. га, что составляет 7% от общей площади, занятой овощными культурами. Вопросы, связанные с продолжительностью хранения и периодического воспроизведения на всхожесть семян остаются актуальными. В работе исследованы изменения таких важнейших посевных качеств, как энергия прорастания и всхожесть семян столовой свеклы на примере сорта Двусемянная ТСХА после различных сроков хранения. Благодаря селекционной работе можно значительно увеличить сроки хозяйственной годности семян и продолжительность их биологической жизнеспособности. Цель исследований: оценка влияния сроков хранения семян столовой свеклы сорта Двусемянная ТСХА на их посевные качества (всхожесть и энергия прорастания). Для этого определяли всхожесть и энергию прорастания семян столовой свеклы различных семей сорта Двусемянная ТСХА в условиях длительного хранения, изучили полевую всхожесть семян в условиях длительного хранения, установили оптимальные сроки хранения. Полевая всхожесть отдельных семей существенно отличалась. В некоторых случаях, особенно после продолжительного хранения, разница достигала 70%. Наглядно показано, что энергия прорастания и всхожесть семян слабо изменяются в течение четырех лет при отсутствии различных обработок. Выявлено влияние погодных условий в год выращивания семян и генотипических различий семей, что рекомендуется учитывать в селекции и при производстве элитных семян. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о высокой биологической долговечности семян свеклы (более 16 лет), даже при хранении в комнатных условиях. Это важно при репродукции, так как в результате потепления климата изменяется направленность отбора в сторону более позднеспелых форм, менее перерастающих и устойчивых к растрескиванию и деформации корнеплодов. Высокое качество семенного материала культурных растений зависит от условий формирования семян. The area under red beet in the Russian Federation ranges from 65-68 thousand ha, which is 7% of the total area occupied by vegetables. Questions related to the duration of storage and periodic reproduction for seed germination are relevant. The work investigated the changes in such important sowing qualities as the germination energy and germination of red beet seeds using the example of the Dvusemyannaya TSKHA variety, after different storage periods. Thanks to the conduct of breeding work, it is possible to significantly increase the terms of economic shelf life of seeds and the duration of their biological viability. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of the shelf life of seeds of red beet variety Dvusemyannaya TSKHA on their sowing qualities (germination and germination energy). To do this, we determined the germination and germination energy of seeds of red beet from different families of the variety Dvusemyannaya TSKHA under conditions of long-term storage, studied the field germination of seeds under conditions of long-term storage, and established the optimal storage periods. Field germination of individual families differed significantly. In some cases, especially as a result of long-term storage, the difference reached 70%. It is clearly shown that the energy of germination and germination of seeds change little over four years in the absence of various treatments. The influence of weather conditions in the year of seed cultivation and genotypic differences of families was revealed. It is recommended to take these factors into account in breeding and in the production of elite seeds. The research results presented by the author indicate a high biological longevity of beet seeds, even when stored in room conditions, which is more than 16 years. This is important for reproduction, since because of climate warming, the direction of selection changes towards later-maturing forms that are less outgrowing and resistant to cracking and deformation of root crops. The high quality of the seed material of cultivated plants depends on the conditions of seed formation.