The current paper has presented the study results of the effect of weediness with common wild oat and sow-thistle on spring wheat productivity through 2012–2015. The purpose of the work was to find out the effect of weediness with common wild oat and sow-thistle in the forest-steppe of the middle Volga region. Using common wild oats, the trials were carried out according to the following scheme: 1) without weeds (control); 2) 10–15 common wild oat stalks per 1 m2 ; 3) 20–30 stalks per 1 m2 ; 4) 50–70 stalks per 1 m2 ; 5) 100–120 stalks per 1 m2 ; 6) 150–200 stalks per 1 m2 . Using sow-thistle the scheme was as follows: 1) without weeds (control); 2) 1 sow-thistle plant per 1 m2 ; 3) 2 plants per 1 m2 ; 4) 4 plants per 1 m2 ; 5) 6 plants per 1 m2 ; 6) 8 plants per 1 m2 . There was found that weediness with 26 common wild oat stalks per 1 m2  reduced productivity of 1 ha on 18% through four years, weediness with 62 stalks reduced it on 24%, with 115 on 38% and with 185 on 44%. Weediness with 26 common wild oat stalks per 1 m2  decreased spring wheat productivity on 0.33 t/ha in 2012, on 0.56 t/ha in 2013, on 0.94 and 0.68 t/ha in 2014 and 2015. Weediness with 185 stalks per 1 m2  decreased spring wheat productivity on 1.18 and 0.95 t/ha in 2012 and 2013, on 2.10 and 1.91 t/ha in 2014 and 2015. In arid years of 2014 and 2015, productivity shortfall caused by weeds increased. In the trials on the effect of sow-thistle on spring wheat productivity, on average, through four years of study, one weed reduced it on 8%, two weeds on 11%, four weeds on 19%, six weeds on 21% and eight weeds on 24%. On average, through four years, Зерновое хозяйство России № 1(79)’ 2022 71 13 common wild oat stalks per 1 m2  reduced the density of spring wheat on 9%, 26 stalks reduced it on 10%, 62 stalks reduced it on by 17%, and 185 stalks reduced it on 31%. At the same time, the number of productive stalks decreased on 2, 15, 22, and 40%, respectively, and kernel percentage of a head decreased on 4, 13, 16, and 23%. Weediness with two sow-thistle plants per 1 m2  reduced the number of spring wheat plants on 9%, four plants per 1 m2  reduced it on 15, six plants per 1 m2  reduced it on 18%, eight plants per 1 m2  reduced it on 21%. The number of productive stems decreased on 16, 20, 21 and 25%, respectively. Grain loss per stem caused by common wild oats was 16.2, grain loss caused by sow-thistle was 175 kg/ha.

The article gives an idea of the content of urban planning plans for land plots (UPPLP), their purpose, as well as the relevance of developing a service for automatic recognition of data from an electronic image of a document. The existing services for automatic processing of documents are analyzed, and a technical solution developed by the authors is presented in the form of a web service for parsing and structuring electronic images of UPPLP. The description of the structure and operation of the web service, as well as the data conversion algorithm implemented in the solution is given.

The results of studying the effect of different forecrops and mineral fertilizers on the yield of barley in the conditions of chernozem soils of the Ulyanovsk region are presented. The research was carried out as part of a stationary field experiment in 2017-2019. The soil area is represented by leached medium-sized chernozem with the following characteristics: humus content - 6.22%, mobile phosphorus and potassium - 198.0 and 121.0 mg/kg, respectively, pHsol - 6.4, the sum of bases - 46.4 mg-eq./100 g. The scheme of the experiment provided for the analysis of the influence of previous crops when growing barley against the background of complex mineral fertilizer (NPK). It was found that the reserves of productive moisture in the meter layer of soil are higher on fertilized variants (155.4-166.0 mm). The concentration of nitrate nitrogen was higher in the pea forecrop and when using NPK - 53.0 mg/kg of soil. The greatest biological activity of the soil was observed for the forecrop peas against the background of NPK - 33.3%. The smallest number of weeds in crops was noted for the forecrop buckwheat both on the background of fertilizers and without them (20.7-25.7 pcs/m2). The yield of barley with the best quality indicators was higher than the forecrop peas against the background of NPK - 3.55 t/ha. The largest net income was received on fertilized variants: 7174-7212 rubles/ha, profitability 40.2-40.5%.

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Рассмотрены вопросы по влиянию органических и минеральных удобрений на агрофизические и агрохимические показатели плодородия почвы, урожайность и качество зерна озимой пшеницы. Опыт проведён на опытных полях отдела земледелия Ульяновского НИИСХ. Результаты исследований представлены с 2004-2006 гг. Выявлена и обоснована необходимость применения органических и минеральных удобрений для обеспечения благоприятного водно-воздушного и питательного режима почвы, а также увеличения и поддержания запасов органического вещества в пахотных черноземах за счет внесения навоза, пожнивно-корневых остатков, соломы и сидератов. Отмечено наибольшее содержание сырой клейковины и белка в зерне озимой пшеницы на вариантах использования сидератов и органических удобрений в дозе 20 т/га на фоне внесения минеральных удобрений.