The article considers the benefits of growing salmon fish in ponds, pools, cages, as well as in lakes and reservoirs in comparison with natural conditions. The main countries producing salmon fish in the world are analyzed. The share in gross production in the world is about 48 %, and in Ukraine is about 7 %. The quality and nutritional value of salmon fish is confirmed by the high market price. The main countries producing salmon fish in the world are analyzed. The share in gross production in the world is about 48%, and in Ukraine it is about 7%. The quality and nutritional value of salmon fish is confirmed by the high market price. The relevance of salmon fish breeding is substantiated, it allows for a relatively short period of time (up to 2 years) to obtain fish with a market weight of up to 3.0 kg The state of salmon cultivation in Ukraine is considered, about 1,500 tons of salmon are marketed annually. The need for the production of compound feeds for salmon fish in relation to natural feed is substantiated. Compound feed expenses per 1 kg of salmon fish mass increase in relation to wild fish feed expenses are presented. The need for salmon fishes for nutrients and biologically active substances for the manufacture of nutritious compound feeds, due to the production of high quality salmon, is presented. The types of compound feeds, their advantages and saving of feeding are presented. Technological methods for the production of compound feeds for salmon fish are analyzed, such as dry or wet granulation, extrusion, briquetting, compound feed production by knurling, microencapsulation of granules and paste-like compound feeds. Ready-made feed should be balanced, waterresistant, have reduced fragility, feed costs for fish growth should be minimal and have increased fish productivity. All types of feed should be completely eaten by fish, absorbed as much as possible, not secrete dyes, not lead to liver obesity, provide fish with a balanced amount of nutritious and biologically active substances. The state of domestic feed mills for the production of high-quality feed for salmon fish is analyzed. Because of it, in order to the advent of new recipes and methods of feeding, the technology for the production of animal feed for these fish species is being improved.
The article considers the species of fur animals bred in Ukraine. The volumes of fur production and the number of animal farms in the world and Ukraine are analyzed, of which Denmark, China and Poland are in the top three. The share in the total volume of fur production in Ukraine is only 1%. Domestic enterprises for breeding fur animals, which keep about 700 thousand minks in industrial conditions, are considered.The structure of the gastrointestinal tract of carnivorous and herbivorous fur animals, their consumption of nutrients and biologically active substances in feed were analyzed. Features of feeding fur animals are determined by the seasonality of vital functions, which determines changes in metabolism and nutritional value of feed. The importance of access to fresh drinking water in the diets of carnivorous fur animals is considered.The necessity of production of compound feeds for fur animals, which meet the norms of feeding and restrictions on the introduction of components, is substantiated.The need of fur-bearing animals in nutrients and biologically active substances for the production of high-quality nutritious compound feeds, for obtaining high-quality shine and density of fur, better digestibility by the body is shown. The ratios of digestible nutrients in the diets of minks of domestic and Scandinavian breeds are given, the percentage of metabolic energy in different feeding periods is given. The low percentage of compound feed production for fur farming is substantiated.Types of compound feeds and their advantages are presented. Technological methods of production of compound feeds for fur animals such as extrusion, expansion and granulation with the introduction of fat into the press granulator are analyzed. Finished feed should be solid and have a granule size of 4.5… 5 mm for grinding cutters, with high nutritional properties and biological value, and improved sanitation. Thanks to modern technologies, harmful microflora is disinfected and shelf life is increased.The state of domestic feed mills for the production of quality feed for fur animals is analyzed. Thanks to the emergence of new recipes and compliance with feeding standards, the technology of compound feed production for fur farming is being improved.
The article presents data on the population of dogs and cats in European countries for 2018, countries with a high number of animals per capita. On the basis of the conducted scientific research, the composition of compound pet food, the needs of domestic animals for nutrient and biologically active substances, their content in recipes and the calculation of compound feed recipes are analyzed. The features of technological processes for the production of extruded pet food are determined and their characteristics are given. A technology has been developed for the production of dry pet food, which makes it possible in private enterprises to ensure the production of domestic competitive in the market complete pet food, depending on their breed, age, and physiological condition. A line for the production of dry compound feeds for dogs with a productivity of 1...3 t/h with the possibility of producing up to 20 tons of finished compound feed per month has been developed. To organize production, a production manufacture, a raw material warehouse, a finished product warehouse, a utility room, and the ability to drive vehicles into the raw materials storage and unload them are necessary. To service the feed production line, two specialists are needed - a technologist and an operator for servicing the extruder and expander, as well as a worker who is responsible for the preparation of components and packaging of finished products. To implement the project, technological equipment is needed: a hammer mill, air conditioning, extruder, hopper scales, mixer, expander, dryer, cooler, device for spraying on the surface of the liquid components. The main stages of production include intake, unloading and refining of raw materials; grinding grain components in the same fraction; extruding and cooling grain components; grinding extruded grain components; weighting of feed components; mixing the components to a homogeneous mixture; conditioning; expansion of bulk feed; drying; size control of finished products; spraying on the surface of the liquid components; cooling; feed packaging
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