No abstract

The studies of personality characteristic of young adolescents caused by their genetic predispositions have become very essential in recent years. In our study we have investigated the association of dopamine (D2) and serotonin (2A) receptor genes with personality traits in 360 young adults. We have found the influence of the combination of DRD2/ANKK1 and HTR2A genes on the personality traits measured on Rule-Consciousness and Self-Reliance scales in girls. The significant statistical difference on Self-control scale was established for polymorphism TaqIA of gene DRD2/ANKK1 in boys. Additionally, the differences on Social Boldness scale were observed after stratification of genotypes DRD2/ANKK1 and HTR2A.

A review of the scientific literature about treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with the help of the first approved drug from the group of DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin was presented. The effects of the treatment of sitagliptin on carbohydrate metabolism, bone metabolism, evaluation of cardiovascular safety were given.

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and its derivatives are recognized as obesogens. Clinically used valproic acid (VPA) as a drug is structurally similar to PFOA. The objective of the investigation was to study the molecular-genetic mechanism of the weight gain by patients taking the VPA drugs and correlation with candidate genes involved in the metabolism of medium chain fatty acids. Weight and basal insulin level were evaluated in 238 patients both before and after 12 months of VPA treatment. Genotyping of SNPs rs1801282, C>G (Pro12Ala) gene PPARγ and rs1799883, G>A (Ala54Thr) gene FABP2 were performed with TaqMan Real-Time PCR Assay. Women who gained weight were genotyped «СС» for the rs1801282 PPARγ gene and appeared to have significantly higher insulin level (26.3±1.7 uU/ml) as compared to women with the same genotype and without weight gain (14.9±3.1 uU/ml). Similarly, men who gained weight and were genotyped «СС» for the rs1801282 PPARγ gene, showed significantly higher insulin level (25.4±1.8 uU/ml) as compared to men with the same genotype and without weight gain (13.,3±2.9 uU/ml). Women who gained weight and were genotyped «AA» or «AG» for the rs1799883 FABP2 gene had significantly higher insulin level (32.1±1.7 uU/ml) as compared to women with the same genotype and without weight gain (17.1±3.2 uU/ml). No correlation of insulin levels with weight gain and genotypes were identified for men. Obesogens, structurally similar to the medium chain fatty acids (in particular PFOA and analogues), can affect weight gain through the development of insulin resistance.