One of the main ways to improve the efficiency of agricultural machinery operation is to study technical readiness when planning the main stages, objects and scope of maintenance and repair work. Existing systems of maintenance and repair of machinery do not fully take into account the operating conditions characterized by a certain group of factors. The problems of an individual approach to assessing the technical condition and promptly adjusting the modes of maintenance and repair of machines in the conditions of their operation remain relevant. The purpose of this article is to study the impact of operational factors on the technical condition of agricultural machinery in the process of its use. For example, the object of research is the means for preparing and distributing feed (MPF) used in animal husbandry. The paper applies the method of a priori ranking and the methodology for assessing the non-randomness of expert agreement. A classification of operating conditions is presented, taking into account their influence on changes in the technical condition of the feeding and dispensing equipment. From the set of presented conditions, the factors affecting the operation of air defense systems are identified. Based on the results of the expert survey, data were collected for a preliminary ranking of the factors. For each factor, the sum of the ranks of all experts was determined. Four factors were identified that have a predominant influence on the technical condition of air defense systems: reliability of the vehicle design; professionally important qualities of personnel; organizational and technological factors; intensity of operation and load on operating equipment. The concordance coefficient was used to estimate the degree of agreement among experts' opinions. The results obtained by a priori ranking can be considered satisfactory and adequate. The test of the hypothesis of non-randomness of the experts' agreement according to the Pearson criterion indicates the significance of the concordance coefficient, significant similarity and non-randomness. The results of the study of the influence of operational factors on the technical condition of air defense systems have been practically confirmed and used in production conditions.