We estimated the efficacy of Brizantin preparation in suppressing nicotine dependence in rats. It was shown that nicotine-dependent rats in the situation of choice between the chamber with smoke or the chamber with food more frequently entered the chamber with tobacco smoke and stayed there longer. The rats that received Brizantin demonstrated significantly fewer visits to the chamber with smoke and spent there less time. Reduced locomotor activity and orientation and exploratory behavior in rats against the background of Brizantin administration also suggest reduced motivation for smoke inhalation. Thus, Brizantin effectively diminished nicotine dependence in rats in the model of nicotine addiction.

The article is addressed to the problem of neuroadaptation in the brain system of emotional reinforcement under alcohol dependence. The level of anxiety, the functional state of the positive emotional reinforcement system, the electrogenesis of the structures of the brain limbic-neocortical system, levels of dopamine in n.accumbens and hypothalamus were studied in an experiment on animals. Particular attention is paid to the transcutaneous allotransplantation of the embryonic hippocampal tissue as a biological approach to suppressing of craving for alcohol intake. It has been shown that allotransplantation reduces alcohol motivation by restructuring of neurophysiological and neurochemical mechanisms in the system of positive reinforcement. Key words: alcohol dependence model, electrical activity of the brain, emotional system of the brain, transcutaneousallotransplantation of embryonic tissue,dopamine

No abstract

Memory impairment is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease. The clinical diagnosis of the disease is made in the later stages of its development, when specific therapy of the disease is not always effective. Therefore, the detection of early behavioral manifestations of memory disorders in the development of the disease will allow the use of preventive therapy aimed at stopping the death of neurons in brain structures. A neuroethological study of working, spatial, and emotional memory was performed in rats 15–16 months of age with a model of early manifestations of Alzheimer’s disease induced by stereotactic administration of β-amyloid peptide 40 aggregates into the hippocampus. Changes in the neuroethological components of working and spatial memory have been identified. Testing of working memory showed a violation in rats of recognizing the shape of identical objects, reducing experimental activity to unfamiliar objects and their differentiation. Spatial orientation disorders have been identified in the Barnes labyrinth. Emotional memory research has shown the preservation of innate forms of protective adaptive behaviour. At the same time, vegetative indicators reflected an increase in emotional tension. Intranasal administration of liposomal miRNA miR-101 involved in liposomes to rats with a model of early manifestations of Alzheimer’s disease improved neuroethological parameters of working and spatial memory. Restoration of the level of research activity and differentiation of familiar and unfamiliar objects in the testing of working memory in rats has been established. Spatial memory in Barnes labyrinth testing was improved by reproducing spatial orientation skills and relieving emotional stress. Thus, the intranasal use of miR-101 in Alzheimer’s disease is a promising approach to prevent the development of amyloidosis and preserve memory in the early manifestations of Alz-heimer’s disease.

In chronic experiments on 20 mongrel male rats of pubertate age (3 months), we studied the electrical activity of the structures of the limbico-neocortical system and reactions of self-stimulation of the positive emotiogenic zones in the ventralateral hypothalamus under conditions of addiction to vapors of an organic solvent, No. 646. It is shown that the state of addiction to inhalant vapors results in modifications of behavioral reactions, modulation of electrical activity in the neocortex, hippocampus, and medial olfactory region with increases in the powers of some spectral components, and intensification of the reaction of self-stimulation of the positive emotiogenic zones in the ventralateral hypothalamus.