Plant production Âñòóï Ñòâîðåííÿ ³ âïðîâàäaeåííÿ ó âèðîáíèöòâî ³ííîâàö³éíèõ ã³áðèä³â ð³çíèõ ãðóï ÔÀÎ, ùî â³äçíà÷àþòüñÿ âèñîêèì åôåêòîì ãåòåðîçèñó òà ìàþòü âèñîêó ïîòåíö³éíó âðîaeàéí³ñòü, çàëåaeèòü â³ä ãåíåòè÷íîãî ïîòåíö³àëó áàòüê³âñüêèõ ë³í³é, ùî âõîäÿòü äî ðîäîâîäó öèõ ã³á-ðèä³â. Âàaeëèâèì ïèòàííÿì º çá³ëüøåííÿ âèðîáíèöòâà íàñ³ííÿ áàòüê³âñüêèõ êîìïîíåíò³â ïåðñïåêòèâíèõ ã³áðèä³â êóêóðóäçè äëÿ ïðèñêîðåíîãî ¿õíüîãî âïðîâàäaeåííÿ ó âèðîáíè

Purpose. To determine the manifestation of biometric features of corn hybrids of various FAO groups and find out their relationship with grain yield when grown under drip irrigation in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. Result. Corn crops treatment with micronutrients had a positive effect on the height of hybrids in some phases of growth and development. The greatest influence on growth processes was caused by complex microfertilizer Avatar-1; it provided a growth in plant height as compared to the untreated control, by 1–7 cm. The use of Nutrimix microfertilizer, in general according to the variants of the experiment, influenced growth processes minimally (acceleration in phases of growth and development of the agriculture crop was 1–3 cm). Plants of the mid-late ‘Chonhar’ hybrid (FAO 420) were the highest throughout the growing season among the studied corn genotypes. This figure reached a maximum in the stage of milky ripeness when plants were treated with Avatar-1 – 267 cm. It was revealed that there is a close correlation between plant height and grain yield. Conclusions. The ratio of the height of hybrid plants by groups of ripeness and level of productivity showed that for medium-early groups in the phase of linear growth termination the optimum height was 240–250 cm, in this case grain yield was 11.2–11.5 t/ha, for the middle-ripening group – 255–257 cm with a grain yield of 11.8–12.1 t/ha. For mid-late maturity hybrids the optimum plant height for high yields grain (more than 13 t/ha) was in the range from 265 to 270 cm. The optimum height of plants and the maximum yield can be achieved under irrigation using corn hybrids of the corresponding groups of ripeness and the use of complex micronutrients.

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Purpose. To evaluate Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ according to morphological, productive and quality indicators in the conditions of the Research Center “State Agra­rian and Engineering University in Podilia”. Methods. The studies were carried out in the field crop rotation of the Research Center “Podillia” of the State Agrarian and Engi­neering University in Podilia (SAEU) in 2015–2020. The soil cover of the experimental field is represented mainly by low-humus, weakly leached soils. Experiment setting, material evaluation, analysis of plants, yield and grain quality were carried out in accordance with the generally accepted methods of state variety testing. An assessment of the Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ was carried out in comparison with the common buckwheat variety ‘Victoriia’. Results. The growing season duration of Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ was 87 days (38 days vegetative and 49 days gene­rative). In the studied variety, a larger number of the 1st order branches up to 5.5 pcs was observed. The number of leaves on the plant was 22–28 pcs./plants. In the studied variety, more than 50% of the grains were located on the main stem and the first order branches, while in common buckwheat this indicator was only 30%. Productivity was 2,28 t/ha, the number of grains in inflorescences was 4,4 grains, in common buckwheat – 0,72 t/ha, and 2.2 grains/inflorescence, respectively. The thousand kernel weight in Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ is 10.2 g less than in common buckwheat variety ‘Victoriia’ and is 17.4 g, with hulls – 19.5%, which is 3.2% less then in common buckwheat variety.Assessment of Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ for resistance to the effects of bio- and abiotic factors indicates that it was at the level of common buckwheat variety ‘Victoriia’.In terms of resistance to abiotic factors, ‘Kalyna’ variety is characterized by high resistance to spontaneous fallof grain (5 scores) and has simultaneous grain ripening (5 scores). Conclusions.The morphological and economic-biological indicators of Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ are significantly higher than the common buckwheat varie­ty ‘Victoriia’. It is recommended to grow Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ as a valuable cereal crop in the Western Forest-Steppe zone.