Higher levels of anxiety and depression in patients with dystonia compared to the control groups were identified. The level of anxiety and depression was not correlated with disease severity. Personality profile study confirmed the high level of anxiety in patients with dystonia and additionally showed increased emotional instability and poor emotional control. Intellectual personality characteristics of patients with dystonia had no differences compared to the control groups. An analysis of socio-psychological characteristics of personality in patients with dystonia and GFS showed restricted interpersonal and social communications since the motor defect noticeable to others leads to severe social exclusion and the desire for self-isolation.

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В статье приводятся исторические данные об открытии действия ботулотоксина и его внедрении в неврологическую практику. Рассмотрен механизм действия ботулинического токсина типа А (БТА). Обсуждены основные показания для применения БТА при мышечных дистониях, спастичности, гиперактивности мочевого пузыря, сиалорее, у детей с церебральным параличом. Благодаря современным возможностям биоинженерных технологий, направленных на модификацию белковой структуры молекулы ботулотоксина, возможно появление новых лекарственных препаратов и расширение возможностей их применения в неврологической практике. The article describes the historical data on the discovery of the action of botulinum toxin and its implementation in neurological practice. The mechanism of action of botulinum toxin type A (BTA) is considered. The main indications for the use of BTA in dystonia, spasticity, overactive bladder, sialorrhea, for children with cerebral palsy are discussed in the article. With modern bioengineering technologies aimed at modification of the protein structure of the botulinum toxin molecule, the new drugs may appear and their use in neurological practice may become more widespread.