The aim of the work was to establish the significance of complex bacteriological research in the diagnostics of acute appendicitis and to determine an optimal material for the research based on the findings. We examined 19patients with acute phlegmonous or acute gangrenous appendicitis (males, aged 18–60years). We performed bacteriological research of abdominal exudate (n=19) and biopsy specimen (n=19) of appendix wall taken before opening the lumen of the intestine. Both abdominal exudate and appendix wall specimen were taken at the same time. Aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms were detected and identified, antimicrobial susceptibility was tested. In total, we detected 25 strains of aerobic and 13 strains of anaerobic microorganisms. It has been established that a bioptate was most informative for testing (68.4 %); the parallel study of an abdominal exudate gave positive results in 21.1 % of cases. In the structure of clinically significant microflora dominated E.coli (43.3%), then went nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria (13.3%) and Bacteroidesspp. (16.7%). We marked growing resistance of detected strains of gram-negative bacteria to some antibiotics. For instance, 62 % of detected E.c oli strains were resistant to ampicillin, 25 % – to ciprofloxacin. 92 % of strains were resistant to cefepime, 93 % – to ceftriaxone, 77 % – to Amoxiclav, 67 % – to gentamicin, 90 % – to tobramycin. From one bioptate a strain of E. coli ESBL was separated. The study of intraoperative bioptate of appendix wall increases effectiveness of microbiological diagnostics in com-parison with the abdominal exudate research.

The article presents the results of the five-year research on new varieties of winter wheat breeding of Tatar Research Institute for Agriculture: Nadezhda, Darina, Universiada. The economic and biological characteristics of zoned and new varieties of winter wheat was given the. The features of the formation of technological and rheological quality of grain and flour was revealed. In the Republic of Tatarstan we recommend the Nadezhda variety to widespread cultivation, which combines adaptability with a set of quality indicators of grain.

Winter wheat productivity and grain quality is largely dependent on the availability of mineral elements of plants throughout the growing season. [2] Early spring fertilization with nitrogen fertilizers contributes to more rapid growth of the root system, further tillering, strengthening of ear shoots development and highest yield increase. Application of fertilizers, containing micronutrients (Akvarin 5), having a complex effect on plants, is perspective in high quality grain production. In this paper, we studied the effect of nitrogen nutrition and trace elements on grain productivity and quality, perspective and zoned species in the Republic of Tatarstan. Spring introduction of nitrogen in the form of ammonium nitrate leads to an increase the density of productive plant stand to 10.0%, crop yield to 20%. Treating the plant by Akvarin5 preparation in tillering period, it increases the density of plant stand of winter wheat on average 2.89%, productivity to 4.3% or 0.21 tons per hectare, compared to one with a nitrogen fertilizing. Akvarin 5 preparation leads to weight rising of 1000 grains more significant at making it in earing - flowering phase, than in the phase of tillering. It also increases the weight of the grain and gluten content. A greater influence on the nature of grain has a nitrogen fertilizer, than treatment by Akvarin 5.

The analysis of meteorological factors was carried out for the period of autumn-winter growing season of winter wheat of 2004-2015 years in the Kama area of the Republic of Tatarstan. The article presents an increase of the amount of average daily temperatures in August and September to 1.13 and 5.18 degrees per year, respectively.

Increased demand for the construction of transport infrastructure is dictated by the low density of roads in Russia, the high level of congestion of the main ways today and in the future, and also the need for the development of international transport corridors. There are fundamental documents of various levels which are based on structural reforms that improve the economic efficiency of the transport operations and the quality of transport services. It is necessary to highlight the role of civil organizations in the modernization of transport infrastructure in the country. Timely and high-quality implementation of projects is possible with using the modern machines. However, economic and political unrests in the country promote the financial instability of the companies, which is an obstacle for planned updating and upgrade of the fixed assets. Therefore, the problem of increasing the efficiency of transport construction mechanization differs in enduring relevance. In this article the authors presents a methodology for evaluating the economic efficiency of the mechanized complexes by profit criterion in earthwork operations on linear objects. The methodology allows to make quick decisions when forming the feasibility study on the preliminary design stage of the object taking into account the most popular most popular in the construction market ways to attract technology.