The article considers the possibility of identifying of an inheritable character of the geodynamic situation and elements of structural and compositional complexes involved in the geological development of the Caucasus on geoelectrical and seismological depth sections in order to create a geological and geophysical model of the Earth's crust along regional profiles. Modern structural-tectonic, structural and compositional complexes of the eastern part of the Central Caucasus are interpolated with the main structures of the consolidated crust and lower crust. The correlation of deep crustal and mantle structures with deposits of solid minerals and hydrocarbons and the role of Moho discontinuity in the localization of deposits are of scientific and practical interest.
The article considers the complex analysis of geological data on the basis of the use of the high-velocity model of the microseismic sounding method (MMS) on the sections of the Central Caucasus. At the same time, based on the analysis of the results obtained, the high potential possibilities of the MMS method are shown in conditions of deep development of tectonic processes. Geological and geophysical data confirming the correspondence of anomalous objects to the velocity model of MMS with known structures and tectonic dislocations located at considerable depths are given. It is concluded that the use of MMS has a good prospect. It can become a direction of innovative development not only in the study of deep and oil-andgas bearing structures, but also in the search for ore deposits through the solution of structural-tectonic, lithologic and morphological signs of ore occurrence control and a systematic understanding of the factors responsible for the formation of metallogenic specialization, geophysical fields and the geological structure of metallogenic zones, ore fields and deposits.
Научно обоснованный прогноз геоэкологической эволюции территорий на основе анализа причинно-следственной зависимости эндогенных и экзогенных процессов является актуальной задачей обеспечения безопасности рекреантов и планирования долгосрочного развития высокогорных туристско-рекреационных комплексов. Цель исследований – долгосрочной прогноз геоэкологической эволюции территории на основе факторов геодинамического развития и их признаков в геофизических полях. Для достижения поставленной цели решались следующие задачи: анализ современных представлений о влиянии эндогенных геодинамических процессов на изменения природной среды горных территорий и определение геодинамической концепции геоэкологической зависимости; методологическое обоснование проявлений геофизических полей-индикаторов тектономагматических процессов и выбор методов их исследования, выделение зон активных разломов и неотектонических проявлений. Использованы материалы исследований методами обменных волн землетрясений, гравимагнитометрии, микросейсмического зондирования, электротомографии, преломленных сейсмических волн, геолокации. В качестве результатов исследований делается вывод, что геоэкологические изменения вызваны неотектоникой трещинного типа в приледниковых зонах активных глубинных разломов из-за неравномерного воздымания отдельных участков территории при горообразовании, обуславливающего напряженно-деформированное состояние среды, концентрацию гравитационной энергии и последующее разрушение коренных пород приледниковых зон. Установлено, что механические, физические и геохимические поля, как неотъемлемые признаки-индикаторы проявлений и основа методологических обоснований исследований геодинамических процессов, оказывают долговременное влияние на породы на всех уровнях породообразования, формируя современную кору выветривания, и обуславливая интенсивное накопление четвертичных отложений. Определен режим среднестатической геоэкологической эволюции территории, который определяется соотношением скоростей прироста гор и темпов денудации. Делается вывод, что комплекс сопутствующих признаков – индикаторов представляют собой абиотические факторы геоэкологической среды, особого биотопа, где зарождается определенная популяция биоценоза с эндемической зависимостью к этим условиям A scientifically established forecast of the geoecological evolution of areas based on the analysis of the causal relationship of endogenous and exogenous processes is a relevant task of ensuring the safety of vacationers and planning the long-term development of high-mountain tourist and recreational complexes. Aim. The aim of the research is a long-term forecast of the geoecological evolution of the area based on the factors of geodynamic development and their signs in geophysical fields. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: analysis of modern ideas about the impact of endogenous geodynamic processes on changes in the natural environment of mountain areas and the definition of the geodynamic concept of geoecological dependence; methodological substantiation of the manifestations of geophysical fields-indicators of tectonomagmatic processes and the choice of methods for their study, identification of zones of active faults and neotectonic manifestations. Methods. Materials of research by methods of converted waves of earthquakes, gravimagnetometry, microseismic sounding, electro-tomography, refracted seismic waves, geolocation were used. Results. As a result of the research, it is concluded that geoecological changes are caused by fracture neotectonics in the periglacial zones of active deep faults due to uneven uplift of certain parts of the territory during mountain building, which causes the stress-strain state of the environment, the concentration of gravitational energy and the subsequent destruction of the bedrock of the periglacial zones. It has been determined that mechanical, physical and geochemical fields, as integral indicators of manifestations and the basis of methodological substantiation of studies of geodynamic processes, have a long-term effect on rocks at all levels of rockforming, creating the modern weathering crust, and causing an intensive accumulation of Quaternary sediments. The mode of average static geoecological evolution of the area is defined. It is determined by the ratio of the growth rates of mountains and the rates of denudation. One can draw a conclusion that the complex of accompanying signs-indicators is abiotic factors of geoecological environment, a special biotope, where a certain population of biocenosis with endemic dependence to these conditions arises
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