In this study, the compression and tensile sections of existing concrete were reinforced using carbon fiber sheet (CFS) and no-slump high-strength, ductility concrete (NSHSDC) to evaluate the structural response of the reinforced concrete. From the experimental test results, the CFS showed a low energy dissipation ability when reinforced at both the compression and tensile sections. However, the NSHSDC reinforcement exhibited high energy dissipation and the lowest deflection under maximum load at both the compression and tension sections. The NSHSDC without reinforcement in the compression section, and concrete reinforced with CFS, exhibited lower load resistance and concrete compression failure. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the compression reinforcement and structural performance was observed, which demonstrated the high load resistance and excellent structural performance of the member reinforced with NSHSDC at both the compressive and tensile sections.