Hemangioblastomas are low-grade, highly vascular tumors that are usually associated with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. Hemangioblastomas most commonly occur in the cerebellum, and intradural extramedullary hemangioblastoma of the cauda equina is very rare, especially in patients without von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. Herein, we report a case of intradural extramedullary hemangioblastoma of the cauda equina that was not associated with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, with a focus on its imaging characteristics and differential diagnoses. We compared the clinical presentation and imaging features of our case with those of previously reported cases in the review of the literature.

Hibernoma is a rare benign tumor that arises from vestiges of brown fat. Spinal intraosseous hibernoma has only recently been described in the literature, and only 12 cases have been reported to date due to its extreme rarity. Here, we report the case of a patient who was incidentally diagnosed with an intraosseous hibernoma in the thoracic spine, following a diverse imaging work-up and pathologic confirmation. We correlate the clinical presentation and imaging features of our case with those of previously reported cases during our review of the literature.

Objective: Chronic migraine is a headache syndrome accompanied by nausea, dyspepsia, depression, and insomnia and it reduces the quality of life. The present case revealed that Korean medicine treatment and Functional Cerebrospinal Therapy (FCST) can reduce headache and nausea in patients with chronic migraine.Method: A 39-year-old female patient with chronic migraine visited Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital. She had headache combined with moderate nausea and wanted to reduce her dose of almotriptan. We treated her with Korean medicine, including acupuncture, herbal medicine, and a Chuna treatment based on FCST. We evaluated her symptoms using a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for headache and nausea every day.Result: After 22 days of treatment, the NRS of headache and nausea had reduced. Her dose of almotriptan was also reduced and the patient felt improvement of in her quality of life. Conclusion:We suggest that Korean medicine treatment combined with FCST can improve the headache and nausea of chronic migraine patients.

Purpose To determine the usefulness of diffusion weighted-MRI (DW-MRI) in the evaluation of spinal metastasis. Materials and Methods From July to August 2017, 48 whole-spine DW-MRI to detect metastasis in patients with extra-spinal tumors were retrospectively evaluated by three radiologists. The usefulness of DW-MRI was evaluated in four groups based on the change in confidence rating between two sessions: 1 (T1-and T2-weighted and contrast-enhanced images) and 2 (additional DW-MRI). The associations of the usefulness with age, sex, primary cancer, bone type with metastasis, number of probable metastatic segments in session 1, and anatomic locations were assessed in vertebral body and posterior element cases. Results According to the readers 1, 2, and 3, there were 18, 19, and 16 vertebral body cases, respectively, and 12, 13, and 9 posterior element cases, respectively. In the group with no excepted metastasis, DW-MRI was useful in 52-59% of vertebral body cases and 39-67% of posterior element cases. There were no significant differences in the usefulness with respect to the number of probable metastatic segments in session 1, age, sex, primary cancer, bone type with metastasis, or anatomic location. Conclusion DW-MRI could be used to evaluate spinal metastasis. However, there were no differences in the usefulness with respect to the anatomic location.

Imaging sonars such as side-scanning sonar or forward-looking sonar are becoming fundamental sensors in the underwater