An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality books Open Access. More information about the initiative can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org Contents Preface | V List of Contributing Authors | XIII Olfa Kanoun Impedance spectroscopy advances and future trends: A comprehensive review | 1 1 Introduction | 1 2 Theoretical background | 2 3 Extraction of information from impedance spectra | 3 4 Impedance spectroscopy in measurements and sensor solutions | 4 5 Material characterization | 5 6 Battery characterization and diagnostics | 7 7 Biomedical applications and food characterization | 9 8 Cable fault detection and localization | 11 9 Conductive, capacitive and inductive sensors | 12 10 Biosensors | 15 11 Future trends of impedance spectroscopy | 16 11.1 Embedded and miniaturized solutions | 16 11.2 Fast impedance spectroscopy and tomography | 17 11.3 Impedimetric sensors | 17 Bibliography | 17

Emergency room process is very important in the whole hospital processes because it is first diagnosis for patient.Above all, triage is important activity which quickly diagnose the status of emergency patient and sets the priority for treatment. This paper analyzes the treatment process pattern by triage type. The results show that the treatment process after triage such as residence time, diagnosis and checkup type, and joint treatment are dependent on triage types. We can use these analysis results for improving the current triage system and developing the new triage system considering a domestic emergency medical service environment.

This paper proposes a housing business model, where the presale and Chonsei housing are supplied under a presale system at the same time based on the characteristic correlation between the housing presale market and Chonsei market in Korea. Markowitz portfolio theory was used to review the risk diversification effects from the changes in the ratio between the presale housing supply and the Chonsei housing supply. The housing sale price indicator was used as a proxy variable to determine the presale housing supply. The housing Chonsei price indicator was used as a proxy variable to determine the Chonsei housing supply. The proposed housing business model was applied to major areas in Korea to examine the risk diversification effect. Comparisons of the regional portfolio analyses showed that the flexibility of the proposed housing business model can be quite effective because each regional housing market exhibits different characteristics. Market participants, such as developers, construction companies, consumers, and government, can expect various effects through the proposed housing business model. Nevertheless, policy support is necessary for practical applications of the proposed housing business model. In particular, public funds from the government need to be introduced.

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