The physicochemical properties of rice endosperm from five rice varieties and effects of milling on baking bread properties of rice flour were investigated. Five rice varieties exhibited different level of amylose content. The ratio of longer amylopectin chain length to the distribution of endosperm starches was the highest in Goami3. According to the RVA measurement of rice flours, the pasting temperatures of Seolgaengbyeo and Goamibyeo were lower than those of the other rice varieties. There were differences in the changes of swelling power of rice flour under increasing temperature. Each rice flour sample for bread-making was processed into two different particle size by using an air-classification mill, and significant differences were observed among cultivars in the average particle size and damaged starch content of rice flours. Rice flour of Seolgaengbyeo with fine particle size showed the highest value in specific volume after baking.

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Infant formula is one of the main nutritional sources for infants. In this study, the fatty acid compositions of Korean (domestic, n=8) and foreign infant formulas (n=3) were analyzed. Crude fats were extracted using the Folch method, and fatty acid compositions (total and positional) were analyzed by gas chromatography. In the fatty acid compositions of infant formulas, oleic (19.88～44.64%), palmitic (7.59～21.65%) and linoleic acids (16.72～25.87%) were the major fatty acids. Domestic infant formula products contained 35.94～56.55% total saturated fatty acid content, whereas that of foreign infant formula ranged from 34.40～42.88%. The content of monounsaturated fatty acids ranged from 20.23～44.99% in domestic products and 34.11～45.07% in foreign products. In addition, 0.17～2.57% arachidonic acid/docosahexaenoic acid and 10～13% linoleic acid/linolenic acid were detected in the analyzed products (domestic and foreign products). A small amount of trans fatty acids (0.25～1.69%) were found. In sn-2 position analysis, palmitic acids (1.84～38.74%) were detected in the analyzed formulas. Further, typical triacylglycerols in human milk, including 1,3-di-monounsaturated-2-saturated triacylglycerol, were not detected in the analyzed formulas.

To identify new active anti-wrinkle ingredients, this study investigated the anti-wrinkle effects of Schizandra chinensis Baillon fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum (SCF) by assessment of cytotoxicity of human dermal fibroblast, collagen biosynthesis, matrix metalloproteinase-I (MMP-1) inhibition and elastase inhibition. S. chinensis was fermented with L. rhamnosus for 1 day at 37 ℃. The cytotoxicity of SCF was evaluated by a cytopathic effect reduction method. Effects on collagen biosynthesis and matrix metalloproteinase-I (MMP-1) of SCF were evaluated by previous reported method using procollagen type-IC peptide EIA kit and Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 Biotrack activity Assay Kit, respectively. Elastase inhibition assay was conducted by reaction of enzyme and substrate using N-Suc-(Ala) 3 -nitroanilide as the substrate. As the results, SCF didn't show cytotoxicity against human dermal fibroblast at concentration of 100 µg/mL. Also, SCF was increased collagen synthesis and showed inhibitory effect of MMP-1 (p < 0.05). In the elastase inhibition assay, the IC 50 of SCF was 36.4 µg/mL. Therefore, our results indicated that SCF possesses anti-wrinkle effects and can be used practically for anti-wrinkle care of skin.