1.1 Tectonic Evolution and Major Global Earth-Surface Palaeoenvironmental Events in the Palaeoproterozoic

Melezhik, Victor A.; Kump, Lee R.; Hanski, Eero; Fallick, Anthony E.; Prave, Anthony R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-29682-6_1

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 121 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…The depositional history of these Karelian basins coincides with the Great Oxygenation Event, which created favorable conditions for a pre-concentrations of metals (e.g. Co, Cu, Ni, Mo and Au) in sulfidic sediments, as well as the deposition of carbonaceous material (Melezhik et al 2013). Köykkä et al (2019) proposed five basin evolution stages (see Fig.…”

Section: Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 94%

Application of lithogeochemical and pyrite trace element data for the determination of vectors to ore in the Raja Au-Co prospect, northern Finland

Raič

Molnár

Cook

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Discovering ore deposits is becoming increasingly difficult, and this is particularly true in areas of glaciated terrains. As a new exploration tool for such terrains, we test the vectoring capacities of trace element and sulfur isotope characteristics of pyrite, combined with quantitative tools for whole-rock geochemical datasets. Our target is the Rajapalot gold-cobalt project in northern Finland, where metamorphosed Paleoproterozoic volcanic and-sedimentary rocks of the Peräpohja belt host recently discovered gold prospects, which also have significant cobalt enrichment. The focus is particularly put on a single gold-cobalt prospect, known as Raja, an excellent example of this unusual cobalt-enriched gold deposit, common in the metamorphosed terranes of northern Finland. The major lithologies at Rajapalot comprise variously altered and deformed calcsilicate rocks that alternate with albitized metasedimentary units, mafic volcanic rocks, mica schist and quartzite. Mineralization at Rajapalot prospects is characterized by an older Co-mineralizing event and a younger high-grade Au-mineralization with re-mobilization and re-deposition of Co. Detailed in situ laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is a powerful technique that produces the robust trace element and sulfur isotope databases from paragenetically and texturally well-characterized pyrite from the Raja prospect. The results are treated with appropriate log-ratio transformations and used for multivariate statistical data analysis, such as the computation of principal components. Application of these methods revealed that elements such as Co, Ni, Cu, Au, As, Ag, Mo, Bi, Te, Se, Sn, U, Tl and W have high vectoring capacities to discriminate between Co-only and Au-Co zones, as well as between mineralization stages. The systematic pyrite study suggests that homogenous sulfur isotopic characteristics (1.3 ‰ to +5.9 ‰.) and positive loadings of Co, Se, As, Te, Bi and Au onto PC1 are reflective of an early stage of Co-mineralization, while the opposing negative loadings of Mo, Ni, W, Tl, Cu and Ag along PC1 are associated with the Au-mineralizing event. The sulfur isotopic signature of the latter pyrite type is between −1.2 ‰ and +7.4 ‰. Subtle patterns recognized from the whole-rock geochemistry favor an As-Au-Se-Te-W-U signature along the positive axis of PC1 for the localization of high-grade Au-Co-zones, whereas the element group Ni, Cu, Co, Te, Se and As, which has negative loadings onto PC2, will predict Co-only zones. This study shows the efficiency of trace element geochemistry in mineral exploration targeting, which has the capacity to define future targets by characterizing the metallogenic potential of a host rock, as well as distinguishing various stages of mineralization.

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Section: Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 94%

Application of lithogeochemical and pyrite trace element data for the determination of vectors to ore in the Raja Au-Co prospect, northern Finland

Raič

Molnár

Cook

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Yale & Carpenter 1998;Courtillot et al 1999;Ernst et al 2005;Ernst & Bleeker 2010;Sobolev et al 2011). Additional "geomarkers" (see Nance et al, 1986) have also been identified for supercontinent Pangaea, including global-scale orogenesis (Nance et al, 1988;Santosh, 2010a;Condie, 2011;Müller et al 2013), crustal growth (Hawkesworth et al 2010(Hawkesworth et al , 2016, the distribution of metamorphic belts (Brown, 2007) and mineral deposits (Goldfarb et al 2010), rapid climate swings (Hoffman et al 1998;Strand 2012; Young 2012), major events in the evolution of life and the atmosphere (Lindsay & Brasier 2002;Santosh 2010b;Knoll, 2013;Melezhik et al 2013), biogeochemical cycles (Nance et al, 1986), and profound sea-level change (Worsley et al 1984;Nance and Murphy, 2013). Such geomarkers are interpreted as signals of supercontinent convergence leading to amalgamation and may be useful proxies for identifying the existence of previous supercontinents for which palaeocontintental reconstructions may be less refined (Nance and Murphy, 2019).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pannotia's mantle signature: the quest for supercontinent identification

Heron

Murphy

Nance

et al. 2020

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The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting and correction before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the book series pertain. Although reasonable efforts have been made to obtain all necessary permissions from third parties to include their copyrighted content within this article, their full citation and copyright line may not be present in this Accepted Manuscript version. Before using any content from this article, please refer to the Version of Record once published for full citation and copyright details, as permissions may be required.

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Association of gold with uraninite and pyrobitumen in the metavolcanic rock hosted hydrothermal Au-U mineralisation at Rompas, Peräpohja Schist Belt, northern Finland

et al. 2016

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1.1 Tectonic Evolution and Major Global Earth-Surface Palaeoenvironmental Events in the Palaeoproterozoic

Cited by 7 publications

References 121 publications

Application of lithogeochemical and pyrite trace element data for the determination of vectors to ore in the Raja Au-Co prospect, northern Finland

Application of lithogeochemical and pyrite trace element data for the determination of vectors to ore in the Raja Au-Co prospect, northern Finland

Pannotia's mantle signature: the quest for supercontinent identification

Association of gold with uraninite and pyrobitumen in the metavolcanic rock hosted hydrothermal Au-U mineralisation at Rompas, Peräpohja Schist Belt, northern Finland

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