“…The DMI is a valid measure of depression in the medically ill, focusing on cognitive symptoms, and includes not only anhedonia but also all areas central to depression (depressed mood, anhedonia, pessimism, low self-esteem, etc. ; Parker et al, 2002;Parker, Hilton, Hadzi-Pavlovic, & Bains, 2001). So far, only English and Chinese versions of the DMI are available in two versions of different lengths: the original 18-items version and the short 10-items version (DMI-10), whereas other tools, such as HADS, have been translated and validated into several languages.…”