14C AMS wiggle matching of raised bog deposits and models of peat accumulation

Kilian, M.R.; Geel, B. van; Plicht, van der Johannes

doi:10.1016/s0277-3791(99)00049-9

Cited by 100 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…These RCA values have been reported fro a range of sites across northern peatlands, and rates of accumulation vary from a high of 88.6 gC/m 2 /yr (Tolonen and Turunen, 1996) to as low as 0.2 gC/m 2 /yr on Baffin Island (Schlesinger, 1990). There are recognised problems with this technique including: long-term anoxic decay in the catotelm ; reservoir effects (Kilian et al, 1995(Kilian et al, , 2000; poor estimates of peat bulk density; and short term changes in carbon accumulation will not be well represented (Hilbert et al, 2000). In order to resolve some of these issues the short-lived radioisotope 210 Pb has been used (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

The multi-annual carbon budget of a peat-covered catchment

Worrall

Burt

Rowson

et al. 2009

Science of The Total Environment

107

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This study estimates the complete carbon budget of an 11.4 km 2 peat-covered catchment in Northern England. The budget considers both fluvial and gaseous carbon fluxes and includes estimates of particulate organic carbon (POC); dissolved organic carbon (DOC); excess dissolved CO 2 ; release of methane (CH 4 ); net ecosystem respiration of CO 2 ; and uptake of CO 2 by primary productivity. All components except CH 4 were measured directly in the catchment and annual carbon budgets were calculated for the catchment between 1993 and 2005 using both extrapolation and interpolation methods. The study shows that: Over the 13 year study period the total carbon balance varied between a net sink of − 20 to − 91 Mg C/km 2 /yr. The biggest component of this budget is the uptake of carbon by primary productivity (− 178 Mg C/km 2 /yr) and in most years the second largest component is the loss of DOC from the peat profile (+39 Mg C/km 2 /yr). Direct exchanges of C with the atmosphere average − 89 Mg C/km 2 /yr in the catchment. Extrapolating the general findings of the carbon budget across all UK peatlands results in an approximate carbon balance of − 1.2 Tg C/ yr (±0.4 Pg C/yr) which is larger than previously reported values. Carbon budgets should always be reported with a clear statement of the techniques used and errors involved as this is significant when comparing results across studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

The multi-annual carbon budget of a peat-covered catchment

Worrall

Burt

Rowson

et al. 2009

Science of The Total Environment

107

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“…One more general model that has often been applied is one where the accumulation rate is unknown but assumed to be completely constant (see for example Kilian et al (2000) or Christen et al (1995)); in this paper this will be referred to as the uniform deposition model (or implemented as U Sequence in OxCal v4). Another general model is that which merely constrains the dated events to be in the order that they are within the sediment (implemented as a Sequence in Oxcal -Bronk Ramsey (1995)); this is applicable in cases where we can make no direct use of the depth information at all because the random nature of the deposition process is very extreme.…”

Section: The Deposition Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next let us consider the model of uniform deposition that is often applied (see example 2 in Christen et al (1995) or see Kilian et al (2000)). In this model (U Sequence) the time at any particular depth is exactly defined through linear interpolation over the range z i ≤ z ≤ z i+1 :…”

Section: A22 Uniform Deposition (U Sequence)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition models for chronological records

Ramsey

2008

Quaternary Science Reviews

1,421

443

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Long term sedimentary sequences provide a wealth of useful information for research into the palaeo-environment, especially in relation to past climate change. Shorter records provide similar information in many archaeological contexts. However if such records are to be used to provide precise timing of events, and more critically the relative timing between different records, methods are needed to provide accurate and precise age-depth models for these sequences. Given the imprecision of individual calibrated radiocarbon determinations it is necessary to use the information we have about the deposition process to refine our chronologies and also to provide interpolation between dated levels in any sequence. Even with layer counted chronologies, the uncertainties are sometimes hard to quantify. This paper outlines a range of Bayesian models for deposition which have been implemented in the computer programme OxCal. These models can be used to combine information from the sediments themselves with radiocarbon or other direct dating information. Such models have the potential to integrate information between different records and provide a coherent chronology on which to base environmental or archaeological research.

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“…Testate amoebae analysis was used to infer changes in water table depths. To obtain a high-resolution reconstruction, terrestrial plant remains were dated by 14 C wiggle-matching (van Geel and Mook, 1989;van der Plicht, 1993;Kilian et al, 1995Kilian et al, , 2000Speranza et al, 2000;Blaauw et al, 2004;van der Linden and van Geel, 2006). This dating strategy was used to investigate the possible link between the changing species composition of the bog vegetation and climate change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of human impact and climate change during the last 350 years recorded in a Swedish raised bog deposit

Linden

Vickery

Charman

et al. 2008

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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Effects of human impact and climate change during the last 350 years recorded in a Swedish raised bog deposit van der Linden, M.; Vickery, E.; Charman, D.J.; van Geel, B. General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. Download date: 10 May 2018This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. AbstractA peat core from an ombrotrophic mire in central Sweden was analysed for multi-proxy indicators (plant macrofossils, pollen/non-pollen microfossils, testate amoebae, colorimetric humification, carbon/nitrogen ratios, bulk densities, loss on ignition), to evaluate the relative contributions of climate change and human impact on vegetation and peat accumulation during the last c. 350 years. 14 C wiggle-match dating was applied for high precision dating. Testate amoebae assemblages were used to reconstruct past water table depths and compared with other proxies and instrumental climate data from the mid-18th century onwards. Changes in mire surface wetness were mainly caused by climate change (precipitation and evaporation), but the internal dynamics of the local bog vegetation may also have played a role in the recorded water table changes. The human impact signal in the pollen data was compared with Swedish population and land-use data. A link between climate change, human impact (openness of the vegetation) and demographic change was found. Cold and wet periods show a decrease in human impact and open land indicators in the pollen data, followed by an increase in death rate and/or an increase in emigration.

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14C AMS wiggle matching of raised bog deposits and models of peat accumulation

Cited by 100 publications

References 53 publications

The multi-annual carbon budget of a peat-covered catchment

The multi-annual carbon budget of a peat-covered catchment

Deposition models for chronological records

Effects of human impact and climate change during the last 350 years recorded in a Swedish raised bog deposit

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