15.3 An a-IGZO asynchronous delta-sigma modulator on foil achieving up to 43dB SNR and 40dB SNDR in 300Hz bandwidth

Garripoli, Carmine; Steen, Jan‐Laurens P. J. van der; Smits, Edsger C. P.; Roermund, Arthur van; Cantatore, Eugenio

doi:10.1109/isscc.2017.7870360

Cited by 44 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…Data processing in the digital domain is advantageous for TFT-based circuits, as digital circuits are more mature than analogue TFT-circuits. Analogue-to-digital converters have already been demonstrated in TFT technologies, based on a-Si, organic, metal-oxide and LTPS transistors, yielding up to 8-bit conversion at a maximum sampling rate of 300 S s -1 for unipolar IGZO technologies 51 . Many improvements are still required before commercial products are feasible, including a gradual change in process from 1-bit threshold sensing to multibit sensor conversion.…”

Section: Analogue Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of flexible integrated circuits based on thin-film transistors

2018

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T hin-film transistors (TFTs) are currently the dominant technology for in-pixel switches and drivers in flat-panel displays. Trends in consumer electronics demand ever-higher display resolution and brightness, lower power consumption, and new features and form factors (such as curved and foldable displays). This drives TFT devices to deliver more complex functions than simply switching. For example, recent bezel-less displays delegate the task of row selection to TFT circuits integrated next to the pixel array. Such driver circuits comprise thousands of switches operating together -previously a job for silicon chips mounted around the display.Beyond displays, how far can thin-film circuits go in terms of replacing silicon complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) chips? Fig. 1 illustrates the key advantages of thin-film circuits on flexible substrates. The circuits can be fabricated on large substrates, thereby creating very thin, lightweight and ultra-flexible electronics 1,2 . Folding, rolling or crumpling such flexible circuits is possible without destroying the electronic functionality. Because of these properties, a flexible TFT-based microprocessor 3 (Fig. 1d) or thin-film near-field communication (NFC) tag (Fig. 1e) can, for example, be integrated imperceptibly into any object. TFT technologies also have considerable potential for fabrication on ultrathin stretchable substrates 4 that can be made porous to create breathable devices for contact with skin. With these features, thin-film integrated circuits (ICs) could be a game-changer for wearable electronics. Ultrathin, conformable ICs in the form of a tattoo could be used to monitor vital body parameters, communicating these parameters directly to a patient's smartphone or a medical database.In this Perspective, I discuss the potential of thin-film circuits on plastic substrates for the development of Internet of Things (IoT) and wearable applications. First I look at the different TFT technologies that can be realized on flexible substrates, and then discuss the impact TFT technology will have on circuit design at the level of digital logic gates and very-large-scale integration (VLSI) digital circuits. For the latter, I consider the use of thin-film ICs in the creation of low-cost radiofrequency identification (RFID) tags for everyday items. Flexible chips may initially be used to simply identify each item. Then, when the RFID chip is potentially replaced with a thinfilm NFC chip, standard smartphones and tablets equipped with NFC readers could identify objects and connect them to the cloud. Another advantage of thin-film IC technology is its potential to be combined with sensor or signage technology, thereby integrating more functionality into the objects, which is discussed in a section on analogue circuits. Finally, I will briefly examine the potential of silicon CMOS chip technology to be interfaced directly with TFT circuitry. TFT technologyThe development and optimization of transistor technologies are driven by four important figures of me...

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Section: Analogue Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of flexible integrated circuits based on thin-film transistors

2018

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“…In Section 4.3.1, we saw that SDM-based ADCs do not rely on highresolution DACs to achieve high accuracy, yet they require amplifiers with high gain-bandwidth product. This requirement is relaxed to some extent when a less-known SDM variant, the asynchronous sigma-delta modulator (ASDM), is adopted [9], [150].…”

Section: Alternative Data-conversion Architecturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…it is a pulse width modulated (PWM) signal. Even though a PWM pulse is not a digital word, it only has two amplitude levels and thus is robust enough to be easily and accurately transferred to a reader [9]. Therefore, in smart-sensor systems on foil, the complex decoding schemes required for conversion to a multi-bit digital representation can be performed at the reader side or in a silicon chip.…”

Section: Alternative Data-conversion Architecturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ADCs manufactured in organic and/or metal-oxide technologies have been reported only in a limited number of papers [9], [117], [147], [148], [151]. State-of-the-art ADCs on foil have been implemented in different architectures and on various process platforms.…”

Section: Developments and State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…down to a battery-compatible 5 V power supply [8]. Moreover, ADCs on foil have recently reached an effective resolution of 8 bits [9]. This Element arises from the need for a comprehensive picture of this growing research area, inclusive of the most recent breakthroughs and emerging directions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic and Amorphous-Metal-Oxide Flexible Analogue Electronics

Pecunia

Fattori

Abdinia

et al. 2018

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Recent years have witnessed significant research efforts in flexible organic and amorphous-metal-oxide analogue electronics, in view of its formidable potential for applications such as smart sensor systems. This Element provides a comprehensive overview of this growing research area. After discussing the properties of organic and amorphous-metal-oxide technologies relevant to analogue circuits, this Element focuses on their application to two key circuit blocks: amplifiers and analogue-to-digital converters. The Element thus provides a fresh look at the evolution and immediate opportunities of the field, and identifies the remaining challenges for these technologies to become the platform of choice for flexible analogue electronics.

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