255 Comparison between RHGM-CSF and RHG-CSF administered during radiotherapy and after prolonged carboplatin infusion in preventing leukopenia and mucosytes produced by chemoradiotherapy in advanced head and neck cancer

Prophylaxis and treatment of chemo- and radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis – are there new strategies?

“…Laboratory studies have shown however, that G-/GM-CSF influence proliferation and migration of non-haematopoietic cells, including endothelial cells 118 and keratinocytes, 119 suggesting that they may act as regulatory signals outside the haematopoietic system. Clinical studies using subcutaneous G-CSF or GM-CSF have shown a beneficial effect on oral mucositis 110,[120][121][122][123][124][125][126] (Table 3). In addition to the amelioration of severe and long-lasting neutropenia, systemic G-CSF or GM-CSF activates neutrophil migration, chemotaxis, phagocytosis and cytotoxicity.…”

Management of radiation therapy-induced mucositis in head and neck cancer patients. Part II: supportive treatments

“…As with GM-CSF, G-CSF was also found to decrease the severity of RM [70]. However, Ausili-Cefaro et al, in a comparative study with a small number of patients, found that GM-CSF remarkably reduced the severity of mucositis in comparison to G-CSF [71].…”

New Strategies in the Treatment and Prophylaxis of Chemo- and Radiotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis

“…endothelial cells [116] and keratinocytes [117], suggesting that they may act as regulatory signals outside the haematopoietic system. Clinical studies using subcutaneous application of G-CSF or GM-CSF have shown a beneficial effect on oral mucositis [108,[118][119][120][121][122][123][124] (table 2). In addition to the amelioration of severe and long-lasting neutropenia, systemic G-CSF or GM-CSF activates the function of neutrophils, e.g.…”

“…Data [115] 1992 15 GM-CSF 150/250 g/m 2 nrd, pilot study CT n.a. Gordon [119] 1994 26 GM-CSF 125 g/m 2 nrd CT/RT No effect Neumunaitis [108] 1995 109 GM-CSF 250 g/m 2 rd, db CT + (p>0.005) Ausili-Cefaro [121] 1995 39 GM-CSF 3 g/kg nrd, hc CT/RT No effect Chi [114] 1995 20 GM-CSF 4 g/kg rd, co RT/CT + (p>0.001) Kannan [123] 1997 10 GM-CSF 1 g/kg nrd, pilot study RT + Rosso [122] 1997 29 GM-CSF 5 g/kg nrd, hc CT/RT + Gabrilove [111] 1988 27 G-CSF Up to 60 g/kg nrd, hc CT + (p>0.041) Pettengell [1] 1992 80 G-CSF 230 g/m 2 rd CT No effect Crawford [113] 1994 199 G-CSF 5 g/kg rd, db CT + (p>0.02) Katano [118] 1995 14 G-CSF 5 g/kg nrd CT + Cardamakis [158] 1996 287 G-CSF 5 g/kg n.a. CT + Welte [124] 1996 34 G-CSF 5 g/kg rd CT + (p>0.07) co>Cross over; CT>chemotherapy; RT>radiotherapy; hc>historical control; nrd>nonrandomized; rd>randomized; db>double-blind; n.a.>data not available.…”