3-D Modelling of Plate Interfaces and Numerical Simulation of Long-term Crustal Deformation in and around Japan

Hashimoto, Chihiro; Fukui, Kenji; Matsu’ura, Mitsuhiro

doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-7873-9_16

Cited by 46 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For example, the present study as well as Hashimoto et al (2012) used the plate interface model by Hashimoto et al (2004), while Yamagiwa et al (2015) as well as Ozawa et al (2011Ozawa et al ( , 2012 and Iinuma et al (2012) used the plate interface model by Nakajima and Hasegawa (2006). The model by Hashimoto et al (2004) is very close to the reference geometry, but significantly different in dip-angle at the depths from the model by Nakajima and Hasegawa (2006). In the case of Yamagiwa et al (2015) with the NakajimaHasegawa plate interface model, the updip extension of the dominant afterslip fault intersects the earth's surface at a point about 50-km east off MYGI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Another cause may be in the difference of the plate interface geometries used for inversion analysis. We plot the vertical sections of the NAM-PAC plate interface off Miyagi (Hashimoto et al 2004;Miura et al 2005;Nakajima and Hasegawa 2006;Hayes et al 2012) used for estimating the coseismic slip and afterslip distributions of the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake in Fig. 9, where the blue line gives a reference geometry, which was deduced from a wide-angle reflection and refraction study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Fig. 2b, the 3-D geometry of the NAM-PAC plate interface is shown by the iso-depth contours (Hashimoto et al 2004). We represent the spatiotemporal fault-slip distribution wðg; tÞ on the NAM-PAC plate interface RðgÞ by the superposition of known basis functions S ij ðgÞ in space and T k (t) in time.…”

Section: Model Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The circles indicate the peak points of bicubic B-splines distributed on the NAM-PAC plate interface. The iso-depth contours at the interval of 10 km represent the depth to the plate interface from the solid earth surface (Hashimoto et al 2004) Table 1 The structural parameters of the elastic-viscoelastic layered half-space model …”

Section: Observation Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interpretation of Offshore Crustal Movements Following the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake by the Combined Effect of Afterslip and Viscoelastic Stress Relaxation

Noda

Kawasato

Matsu’ura

2017

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Abstract-On the 11th March 2011, a megathrust event, called the Tohoku-oki earthquake, occurred at the North American-Pacific plate interface off northeast Japan. Transient crustal movements following this earthquake were clearly observed by a dense GPS network (GEONET) on land and a sparse GPS/Acoustic positioning network on seafloor. The observed crustal movements are in accordance with ordinary expectations on land, but not on seafloor; that is, slowly decaying landward movements above the main rupture area and rapidly decaying trench-ward movements in its southern extension. To reveal the cause of such curious offshore crustal movements, we analyzed the coseismic and postseismic GPS array data on land with a sequential stepwise inversion method considering viscoelastic stress relaxation in the asthenosphere, and obtained the following results: The afterslip of the Tohoku-oki earthquake rapidly proceeds for the first 1 year on a high-angle downdip extension of the main rupture, which occurred on the low-angle offshore plate interface. The theoretical patterns of seafloor horizontal movements due to the afterslip and the viscoelastic relaxation of coseismic stress changes in the asthenosphere are essentially different both in space and time; inshore trench-ward movements and offshore landward movements for the afterslip, while overall landward movements for the viscoelastic stress relaxation. General agreement between the computed horizontal movements and the GPS/Acoustic observations demonstrates that the postseismic curious offshore crustal movements can be ascribed to the combined effect of afterslip on a high-angle downdip extension of the main rupture and viscoelastic stress relaxation in the asthenosphere.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Observation Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Interpretation of Offshore Crustal Movements Following the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake by the Combined Effect of Afterslip and Viscoelastic Stress Relaxation

Noda

Kawasato

Matsu’ura

2017

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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“…Bangs et al, 2004;Park et al, 2010], hypocenter location studies (e.g. Hashimoto et al, 2004), seismic tomography studies (e.g., Nakajima and Hasegawa, 2007b;Hirose et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2014), receiver function analysis (e.g., Shiomi et al, 2008) and wide-angle seismic surveys (e.g. Kodaira et al, 2000Kodaira et al, , 2002Nakanishi et al, 2002;Takahashi et al, 2002).…”

Section: Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of geological evidence for Holocene earthquakes and tsunamis along the Nankai-Suruga Trough, Japan

Garrett

Fujiwara

Garrett

et al. 2016

Earth-Science Reviews

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Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. ABSTRACTThe Nankai-Suruga Trough, the subduction zone that lies immediately south of Japan's densely populated southern coastline, generates devastating great earthquakes (magnitude > 8) characterised by intense shaking, crustal deformation and tsunami generation. Forecasting the hazards associated with future earthquakes along this >700 km long fault requires a comprehensive understanding of past fault behaviour. While the region benefits from a long and detailed historical record, palaeoseismology has the potential to provide a longer-term perspective and additional crucial insights. In this paper, we summarise the current state of knowledge regarding geological evidence for past earthquakes and tsunamis along the Nankai-Suruga Trough. Incorporating literature originally published in both Japanese and English and enhancing available results with new age modelling approaches, we summarise and critically evaluate evidence from a wide variety of sources. Palaeoseismic evidence includes uplifted marine terraces and biota, marine and lacustrine turbidites, liquefaction features, subsided marshes and tsunami deposits in coastal lakes and lowlands. While 75 publications describe proposed evidence from more than 70 sites, only a limited number provide compelling, well-dated evidence. The best available records enable us to map the most likely rupture zones of twelve earthquakes that occurred during the historical period. This spatiotemporal compilation suggests that the AD 1707 earthquake ruptured almost the full length of the subduction zone and that earthquakes in AD 1361 and 684 may have been predecessors of similar magnitude. Intervening earthquakes were of lesser magnitude, highlighting the variability in rupture mode that characterises the Nankai-Suruga Trough. Intervals between ruptures of the same seismic segment range from less than 100 to more than 450 years during the historical period. Over longer timescales, palaeoseismic evidence suggests intervals between earthquakes ranging from 100 to 700 years, however these figures reflect a range of thresholds controlling the creation and preservation of evidence at any given site as well as the genuine intervals between earthquakes. At present, there is no geological data that suggest the occurrence of a larger magnitude earthquake than that experienced in AD 1707, however few studies have sought to establish the relative magnitudes of different earthquake and tsunami events along the Nankai-Suruga Trough. Alongside the lack of...

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Long‐term changes in the Coulomb failure function on inland active faults in southwest Japan due to east‐west compression and interplate earthquakes

2014

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Inland earthquake activity in and around the Kinki region, southwest Japan, increases in the period from several decades before to about a decade after the occurrence of great interplate earthquakes along the Nankai Trough. To quantitatively investigate this relationship, we calculated long-term changes in the Coulomb failure function (ΔCFF) on inland active faults in this region with viscoelastic slip response functions. As sources for the change in CFF, we investigated east-west compression within the Niigata-Kobe Tectonic Zone (NKTZ), historical interplate earthquakes and interseismic locking along the Nankai Trough subduction zone, and historical inland earthquakes in this region. Among these sources, the NKTZ east-west compression is the primary cause of the long-term changes in CFF. The changes in CFF due to interplate earthquakes are mostly negative on reverse faults and positive on strike-slip faults. This result suggests that the inland reverse faulting activity mostly increases before interplate earthquakes and decreases after the earthquakes, whereas strike-slip activity is mostly suppressed before interplate earthquakes and increases thereafter. This suggestion is supported by spatiotemporal pattern of historical inland earthquakes if focal mechanisms of historical earthquakes correspond to fault geometries in the region. The calculated changes in CFF are usually consistent with the occurrence of historical inland earthquakes. If we use the change in shear stress instead of the change in CFF, this consistency is enhanced, which suggests low apparent coefficients of friction in this region.

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3-D Modelling of Plate Interfaces and Numerical Simulation of Long-term Crustal Deformation in and around Japan

Cited by 46 publications

References 13 publications

Interpretation of Offshore Crustal Movements Following the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake by the Combined Effect of Afterslip and Viscoelastic Stress Relaxation

Interpretation of Offshore Crustal Movements Following the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake by the Combined Effect of Afterslip and Viscoelastic Stress Relaxation

A systematic review of geological evidence for Holocene earthquakes and tsunamis along the Nankai-Suruga Trough, Japan

Long‐term changes in the Coulomb failure function on inland active faults in southwest Japan due to east‐west compression and interplate earthquakes

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