38-GHz Millimeter Wave Beam Steered Fiber Wireless Systems for 5G Indoor Coverage: Architectures, Devices, and Links

Cao, Zizheng; Zhao, Xinran; Soares, FM Francisco; Tessema, Netsanet; Koonen, Ton

doi:10.1109/jqe.2016.2640221

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The authors in [104] have applied mmWave beam steered fibre wireless systems to 5G indoor coverage, in terms of network architectures, key emerging devices and fibre-wireless links to ensure link reliability and improve bandwidth efficiency. Also, in [105], the propagation characteristics of 28 GHz and 38 GHz frequencies are studied in different environments, which can be used in 5G systems.…”

Section: ) Millimetre Wave Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of Ultra-Dense Networks and Other 5G Enabling Technologies: A Survey

2020

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Recently, to address the astonishing capacity requirement of 5G, researchers are investigating the possibility of combining different technologies with ultra-dense networks (UDNs). However, the ultradense deployment of small cells in the coverage area of conventional macrocells known as UDNs introduces new technical challenges such as severe interference, unfairness in radio resource sharing, unnecessary handover, a significant increase in energy consumption, and degraded quality-of-service (QoS). To overcome these challenges and achieve the performance requirements in 5G, there is a need to combine UDNs with other 5G enabling technologies and then, design intelligent management techniques for better performance of the overall networks. Hence, in this paper, we present a comprehensive survey on different generations of wireless networks, 5G new radio (NR) standards, 5G enabling technologies and the importance of combining UDNs with other 5G technologies. Also, we present an extensive overview of the recent advances and research challenges in intelligent management techniques and backhaul solutions in the last five years for the combination of UDNs and other enabling technologies that offers the visions of 5G. We summarise the mathematical tools widely exploited in solving these problems and the performance metrics used to evaluate the intelligent management algorithms. Moreover, we classify various intelligent management algorithms according to the adopted enabling technologies, benefits, challenges addressed, mathematical tools and performance metrics used. Finally, we summarise the open research challenges, provide design guidelines and potential research directions for the development of intelligent management techniques and backhaul solutions for the combination of UDNs and other 5G technologies. INDEX TERMS Macrocells, small cells, ultra-dense networks, QoS.

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Section: ) Millimetre Wave Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of Ultra-Dense Networks and Other 5G Enabling Technologies: A Survey

2020

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“…At present, lower frequencies (sub-6 GHz) which are utilized for wide area coverage are already in use for the 5G technique, while the higher frequencies, i.e. millimeter-wave (mmW) bands, for local area networks and short-range indoor links are still in developing [2]- [7]. Compared with the sub-6 GHz band, the upcoming usage of mmW band will undoubtedly further advance the efficient communication experience because of its broad bands and thus the capability of delivering multigigabit per second data speeds [8]- [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patch Antenna Loaded With Paired Shorting Pins and H-Shaped Slot for 28/38 GHz Dual-Band MIMO Applications

et al. 2020

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A novel dual-band patch antenna operating at 28/38 GHz is proposed for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems in this paper. The antenna utilizes substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) transmission line as the feed by means of a coupling slot on the SIW. A square patch antenna functions as the radiator for 28 GHz. The inductive loading, which presents as a pair of shorting pins in this design, achieves the impedance matching for 28 GHz-band. Etched on the square patch, the proposed H-shaped slot makes the radiator to performance as an antenna containing two radiating arms and thus introduces another resonant frequency at 38 GHz. Directions of the surface current on the paired arms are identical and produce a reasonable radiation pattern for 38 GH-band. Simulated results declare that the antenna achieves an S 11 < −10 dB bandwidth of 27.6-28.5 GHz (relative bandwidth of 3.2%) and 36.9-38.9 GHz (relative bandwidth of 5.3%), while simulated gain is 9.0 dBi at 28 GHz and 5.9 dBi at 38 GHz, respectively. Measured results have verified the feasibility and correctness of the proposed dualband antenna, which indicate that the antenna is a promising candidate for MIMO communication systems at millimeter-wave (mmW) band. INDEX TERMS Dual-band, patch antenna, 28/38 GHz, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), shorting pin, H-shaped slot, millimeter-wave (mmW).

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“…But in the 5G era, more than 100 billion items are connected to each other. Most consumer products and industrial products and logistics and so on can be connected to the network [1][2][3][4]. 5G Internet of Things will also be combined with cloud computing and big data technology to make the whole society fully intelligent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An intelligent wireless channel allocation in HAPS 5G communication system based on reinforcement learning

Guan

Zhou

Cui

et al. 2019

J Wireless Com Network

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Channel allocation is the prerequisite for the HAPS (high-altitude platform station) 5G communication network to transmit information. An intelligent wireless channel allocation algorithm for HAPS 5G massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) system based on reinforcement learning was proposed. Q-learning reinforcement learning algorithm and the back-propagation neural network were combined, which enabled HAPS 5G massive MIMO systems autonomous learn according to the environment and allocate channel resources of the system efficiently. Agents perceive the state information in the channel environment through continuous interaction with the channel environment, learn from the environment state to the action mapping, and use the back-propagation neural network for learning training, use the neural network instead of the Q value table, and train the network with each Q update as a training example to update the evaluation function. It effectively improves the overall performance of the system.

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38-GHz Millimeter Wave Beam Steered Fiber Wireless Systems for 5G Indoor Coverage: Architectures, Devices, and Links

Cited by 39 publications

References 20 publications

Combination of Ultra-Dense Networks and Other 5G Enabling Technologies: A Survey

Combination of Ultra-Dense Networks and Other 5G Enabling Technologies: A Survey

Patch Antenna Loaded With Paired Shorting Pins and H-Shaped Slot for 28/38 GHz Dual-Band MIMO Applications

An intelligent wireless channel allocation in HAPS 5G communication system based on reinforcement learning

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