3D printable, thermo-responsive, self-healing, graphene oxide containing self-assembled hydrogels formed from block copolymer wormlike micelles

Yue, Qi; Luo, Zhidong; Li, Xueyuan; Fielding, Lee A.

doi:10.1039/d3sm00737e

Cited by 6 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…PGMA was synthesized via RAFT solution polymerization following an established method (Figure S1). − A typical protocol targeting a degree of polymerization (DP) of 100 is as follows. GMA (10.0 g, 62 mmol), PETTC (0.21 g, 0.62 mmol), and azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid) (ACVA, 0.0347 g, 0.124 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous ethanol (10.2 g, previously purged with nitrogen for 20 min) within a 100 mL round-bottomed flask.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer-Assisted 3D Printing of Inductor Cores

Luo,

Yue,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Poly(glycerol monomethacrylate) (PGMA) prepared by reversible addition−fragmentation chain transfer polymerization was investigated as an additive for high-loading iron oxide nanoparticle (IOP) 3D printable inks. The effect of adjusting the molar mass and loading of PGMA on the rheology of IOP suspensions was investigated, and an optimized ink formulation containing 70% w/w IOPs and 0.25% w/w PGMA 98 at pH 10 was developed. This ink was successfully 3D printed onto various substrates and into several structures, including rectangles, high aspect ratio cylinders, letters, spiral-and comb-shaped structures, and thin-and thick-walled toroids. The effect of sintering on the mechanical properties of printed artifacts was investigated via four-point flexural and compressive testing, with higher sintering temperatures resulting in improved mechanical properties due to changes in the particle size and microstructure. The printed toroids were fabricated into inductors, and their electrical performance was assessed via impedance spectroscopy at a working frequency range of 0.001−13 MHz. There was a clear trade-off between electrical properties and sintering temperature due to a phase change between γ-Fe 2 O 3 and α-Fe 2 O 3 upon heating. Nevertheless, the optimized devices had a Q factor of ∼40 at 10 MHz, representing a superior performance compared to that of other inductors with iron oxide cores previously reported. Thus, this report represents a significant step toward the development of low-cost, fully aqueous, high loading, and 3D printable ceramic inks for high-performance inductors and functional devices.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer-Assisted 3D Printing of Inductor Cores

Luo,

Yue,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…In previous work, the addition of GO to copolymer worm gels (in the absence of iron oxide nanoparticles) was demonstrated to improve their mechanical properties and functional behavior. 30,31 PGMA-b-PHPMA gels containing 4% w/w GO, based on copolymer, prepared by in situ RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization of HPMA in the presence of GO were found to have optimal mechanical and self-healing properties. It was therefore hypothesized that the inclusion of GO at this concentration into the Fe 2 O 3 -containing worm gels reported herein would further improve their performance.…”

Section: Preparation Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30,35,36,41,42 RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization at 20% w/w copolymer concentration in the presence of 4% w/w GO based on copolymer (Figure S1b). 31 In both cases, the target degree of polymerization of the core-forming PHPMA block was fixed at 170 to obtain free-standing gels. 43 x% Fe 2 O 3 nanocomposite worm gels were prepared using a high-speed mixer after adding iron oxide nanoparticles to the copolymer dispersions at low temperature, exploiting the reversible degelation transition which these copolymer gels undergo on cooling due to a worm-to-sphere morphological transition (Figures 2a and 3a).…”

Section: Preparation Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27,34−38 This reversible degelation transition is associated with a loss of worm entanglement which occurs due to a worm-to-sphere order−order transition on cooling. 38−40 This thermoresponsive behavior, and the shearthinning properties of the non-GO-containing worm gels, is retained on the inclusion of GO into these copolymer worm gels, 30,31 and the combined properties allows them to be readily 3D-printed. 31 Herein, this approach is extended to demonstrate that the incorporation of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IOPs) into PGMA-b-PHPMA block copolymer worm gels facilitates the formation of magnetic hydrogels with a very wide range of functional properties.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…38−40 This thermoresponsive behavior, and the shearthinning properties of the non-GO-containing worm gels, is retained on the inclusion of GO into these copolymer worm gels, 30,31 and the combined properties allows them to be readily 3D-printed. 31 Herein, this approach is extended to demonstrate that the incorporation of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IOPs) into PGMA-b-PHPMA block copolymer worm gels facilitates the formation of magnetic hydrogels with a very wide range of functional properties. Specifically, PGMA 62 -b-PHPMA 170 (G 62 −H 170 ) worm gels prepared by RAFT-mediated dispersion polymerization were employed for the preparation of magnetic nanocomposite copolymer worm gels.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multifunctional Self-Assembled Block Copolymer/Iron Oxide Nanocomposite Hydrogels Formed from Wormlike Micelles

Yue,

Wang,

Jones

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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This article reports the preparation of multifunctional magnetic nanocomposite hydrogels formed from wormlike micelles. Specifically, iron oxide nanoparticles were incorporated into a temperature responsive block copolymer, poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)-b-poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (PGMA-b-PHPMA), and graphene oxide (GO) dispersion at a low temperature (∼2 °C) through high-speed mixing and returning the mixture to room temperature, resulting in the formation of nanocomposite gels. The optimal concentrations of iron oxide and GO enhanced the gel strength of the nanocomposite gels, which exhibited a strong magnetic response when a magnetic field was applied. These materials retained the thermoresponsiveness of the PGMA–PHPMA wormlike micelles allowing for a solid-to-liquid transition to occur when the temperature was reduced. The mechanical and rheological properties and performance of the nanocomposite gels were demonstrated to be adjustable, making them suitable for a wide range of potential applications. These nanocomposite worm gels were demonstrated to be relatively adhesive and to act as strain and temperature sensors, with the measured electrical resistance of the nanocomposite gels changing with applied strain and temperature sweeps. The nanocomposite gels were found to recover efficiently after the application of high shear with approximately 100% healing efficiency within seconds. Additionally, these nanocomposite worm gels were injectable, and the addition of GO and iron oxide nanomaterials seemed to have no significant adverse impact on the biocompatibility of the copolymer gels, making them suitable not only for 3D printing in nanocomposite engineering but also for potential utilization in various biomedical applications as an injectable magnetic responsive hydrogel.

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Exploring the incorporation of nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (NCQDs) on polyethersulfone (PES) membrane with dual-responsive self-healing property for water filtration

Wong,

Chong,

Pang

et al. 2025

Journal of Water Process Engineering

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3D printable, thermo-responsive, self-healing, graphene oxide containing self-assembled hydrogels formed from block copolymer wormlike micelles

Abstract: Graphene oxide (GO) containing block copolymer nanocomposite hydrogels formed from poly(glycerol monomethacrylate-block-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (PGMA-PHPMA) wormlike micelles were prepared by either mixing GO and copolymer at low temperature or via in...

Cited by 6 publications

References 50 publications

Polymer-Assisted 3D Printing of Inductor Cores

Polymer-Assisted 3D Printing of Inductor Cores

Multifunctional Self-Assembled Block Copolymer/Iron Oxide Nanocomposite Hydrogels Formed from Wormlike Micelles

Exploring the incorporation of nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (NCQDs) on polyethersulfone (PES) membrane with dual-responsive self-healing property for water filtration

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