3D-Printed Veterinary Dosage Forms—A Comparative Study of Three Semi-Solid Extrusion 3D Printers

Abstract

Currently, the number of approved veterinary medicines are limited, and human medications are used off-label. These approved human medications are of too high potencies for a cat or a small dog breed. Therefore, there is a dire demand for smaller doses of veterinary medicines. This study aims to investigate the use of three semi-solid extrusion 3D printers in a pharmacy or animal clinic setting for the extemporaneous manufacturing of prednisolone containing orodispersible films for veterinary use. Orodispersible films with adequate content uniformity and acceptance values as defined by the European Pharmacopoeia were produced with one of the studied printers, namely the Allevi 2 bioprinter. Smooth and flexible films with high mechanical strength, neutral pH, and low moisture content were produced with a high correlation between the prepared design and the obtained drug amount, indicating that the Allevi 2 printer could successfully be used to extemporaneously manufacture personalized doses for animals at the point-of-care.

Polymeric long-acting drug delivery systems (LADDS) for treatment of chronic diseases: Inserts, patches, wafers, and implants

“…In vitro dissolution studies for all of the fabricated dosage forms followed non-Fickian diffusion mechanism. The results of this studies indicated the potential of SSE technique of 3D objects manufacturing of LADDS specifically for veterinary purposes [161].…”

Semi-solid extrusion 3D printing in drug delivery and biomedicine: Personalised solutions for healthcare challenges

“…Since the number of approved veterinary drugs is limited, it is common to use off-label human medicines. The manufacture of prednisolone loaded ODFs for veterinary use in an animal clinical setting has set a precedent for dose personalisation for animals (114).…”

Three-dimensional printing applications in veterinary surgery

“…Promising results are obtained regarding 3D printing products that are biocompatible and that can be used in tissue or organ replacement, and studies are continuing intensively (Jamieson et al, 2021). There are also studies on the production of pharmaceutical products to be used in veterinary medicine with 3D printing (Martin et al, 2020;Sjöholm et al, 2020). The first study on the clinical use of 3D printing products with 3D image reconstruction in veterinary medicine was published by Harrysson et al (2003).…”