3D Printing in Pharmaceutical Technology – A Review

Abstract

Three-dimensional printing is a revolutionary technique that uses computer aided design software and programming to create three dimensional objects by placing material on a substrate. 3D printing is an additive layer manufacturing techniques, where consecutive layers of material are deposited or solidified to form a 3D structure. Medicinal substances is configured in three dimensional with computer assisted design module and transformed to a machine legible form which suggests the exterior emerge of the 3D dose form, then it sliced this surface into number of different printable coats and convey these layers to the machine. The different 3D printing techniques has been developing and developed to fabricate novel solid dosage forms, which are among the most well-known and discrete products today. The 3D printing process desires to be espoused by pharmaceutical sector and capable of exploring the marvels fetched by the approach. 3D printing can include a very new possibilities to optimized medicine. The current review is an effort of briefing various methods

3D-Printing of Drug-Eluting Implants: An Overview of the Current Developments Described in the Literature

“…Regarding the application of implants, the internal structures may be desirable for some indications, but sufficient mechanical stability has to be ensured as well. The printing process itself is relatively fast, but the printed objects need adequate time for drying afterwards [ 13 , 24 ]. Another required postprinting process is the removal of excess powders, which implies the generation of significant waste [ 13 ].…”

“…3D-printing is a relatively low-cost method and requires small operation space compared to common manufacturing techniques [ 14 , 24 , 147 ]. Moreover, the manufacturing of novel geometries in a relatively short time is advantageous for first development steps [ 14 , 147 ].…”

“…The perfect fitting of the implants to the patients´ anatomy is just one aspect [ 33 ]. Furthermore, individually needed drug doses depend on various factors, for example, age, weight, gender, genetics or diseases, and by 3D-printing the tailored drug doses can be easily adjusted by modifications of the size, shape, infill percentage of the object or even the feedstock material [ 13 , 14 , 24 , 33 , 148 ]. The administration of multiple drugs in one device could be also achieved by incorporation of different drugs in the starting materials, and different positions of the drugs in the object can offer different release profiles [ 13 , 24 , 33 ].…”

“…Furthermore, individually needed drug doses depend on various factors, for example, age, weight, gender, genetics or diseases, and by 3D-printing the tailored drug doses can be easily adjusted by modifications of the size, shape, infill percentage of the object or even the feedstock material [ 13 , 14 , 24 , 33 , 148 ]. The administration of multiple drugs in one device could be also achieved by incorporation of different drugs in the starting materials, and different positions of the drugs in the object can offer different release profiles [ 13 , 24 , 33 ]. The design of controllable complex release profiles for a customized therapy is supported by the wide range of materials for the different 3D-printing techniques and their flexible manufacturing procedure for complex geometries and designs [ 13 , 24 , 33 , 147 , 148 ].…”

“…The administration of multiple drugs in one device could be also achieved by incorporation of different drugs in the starting materials, and different positions of the drugs in the object can offer different release profiles [ 13 , 24 , 33 ]. The design of controllable complex release profiles for a customized therapy is supported by the wide range of materials for the different 3D-printing techniques and their flexible manufacturing procedure for complex geometries and designs [ 13 , 24 , 33 , 147 , 148 ].…”