“…This synergy promises to deliver highly personalized and nutritious food products tailored to individual dietary needs and preferences. [ 40 ], food testing [ 38 ], and food safety [ 39 , 52 ]. AI technologies, such as machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms [ 148 ], play a crucial role in the pre-processing, processing, and post-processing stages of 3D food printing [ 37 ].…”