3D reconstruction techniques made easy: know-how and pictures

Abstract

Three-dimensional reconstructions represent a visual-based tool for illustrating the basis of three-dimensional post-processing such as interpolation, ray-casting, segmentation, percentage classification, gradient calculation, shading and illumination. The knowledge of the optimal scanning and reconstruction parameters facilitates the use of three-dimensional reconstruction techniques in clinical practise. The aim of this article is to explain the principles of multidimensional image processing in a pictorial way and the advantages and limitations of the different possibilities of 3D visualisation.

Coronary variants and anomalies: Methodology of visualisation with 64-slice CT and prevalence in 202 consecutive patients

“…State-of-the-art multislice computed tomography (MSCT) with 64-slice CT scanners has placed the noninvasive assessment of the coronary arteries in routine clinical practice thanks to the high performance and accuracy of the technique [1,2].…”

Technologies for image distribution in hospitals

“…With a growing number of images per CT or MRI examination, single sectional images will be less important, while interactive volumetric viewing will gain importance [35]. Access to interactive volume post-processing will be extended from the radiology department to the hospital by using server-based processing that is more cost efficient than processing on workstations.…”

“…Threedimensional reconstruction techniques allow a condensed representation of the information contained in the voxels. They make more evident the information that is fragmented in several axial slices [35].…”

Perihilar branching patterns of renal artery and extrarenal length of arterial branches and tumour-feeding arteries on multidetector CT angiography

“…With MIP, the voxels whose value is the highest along the ray are represented and the display is a 2D representation that does not show the actual 3D relationships of the vessels [12,21]. Owing to the projective nature of the MIP image, measurements are not reliable [22]. MPR is obtained from native slice images displayed in a different plane [21] and is used to show tortuous structures such as vessels.…”