3D Steric Bulky Semiconductor Molecules toward Organic Optoelectronic Nanocrystals

Abstract

With minimal defects, few grain boundaries, and high-performance optoelectronic characteristics, organic semiconductor nanocrystals (OSNCs) have emerged as promising solutions for miniaturized organic devices and related optoelectronic circuits. To realize this, it is crucial that the OSNCs should possess desired morphologies and unique optoelectronic attributions. After the planar π-conjugated building blocks, the steric bulky molecules with a three-dimensional (3D) framework enable the multiscale self-assembly architectures and superior charge storage properties, as well as high-performance optoelectronic applications, such as organic transistor memory, organic light-emitting diodes, organic lasers and organic photovoltaic cells. However, this type of 3D steric bulky molecule-based OSNCs are not easily to get, and molecular design principles must be developed. In this Review, recent advances in the efficient theories that have arose in building varied nanoarchitectures of 3D steric bulky molecule-based OSNCs, especially the 2D and 3D in morphology, are highlighted. The obtained steric OSNCs exhibited rich optoelectronic properties, including the charge storage, ion transmission, crystallization-enhanced emission, and so on. Further architectural optimization of the steric OSNCs to cater for optoelectronic device based on them is necessary to strive to develop this research direction.

Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene]-Based Hole-Transporting Materials for Photovoltaics: Molecular Design, Structure–Property Relationship, and Applications

“…Consequently, SFX has emerged as a more attractive core building block for new generations of organic semiconductor materials. 48 Just as the SBF core molecular unit, SFX also gives rise to distinctive spatial 3D structures, cross-shaped conformations, and steric hindrance effects (Figure 2). These characteristics make SFX a promising core building block for constructing new organic HTMs.…”

“…This streamlined one-pot method offers numerous advantages overcoming the challenges associated with the lengthy synthesis route and expensive raw materials required for SBF. Consequently, SFX has emerged as a more attractive core building block for new generations of organic semiconductor materials . Just as the SBF core molecular unit, SFX also gives rise to distinctive spatial 3D structures, cross-shaped conformations, and steric hindrance effects (Figure ).…”

A Paradigm Shift from 2D to 3D: Surface Supramolecular Assemblies and Their Electronic Properties Explored by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy

“…Organic molecules intrinsically bear the highest-occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest-unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), thus rendering themselves to present semiconductor characteristics, e.g., exhibiting materials bandgap. [64][65][66] Given that the phenomenon of electron delocalization can occur when molecules are π-stacked. [67,68] The magnitude of the bandgap can thus be tuned in a controllable fashion.…”

Photoelectric and Self-Assembly Properties of Tetrasubstituted Pyrene Discotic Derivatives

“…In recent years, extended π-conjugated organic materials with excellent self-assembled microstructures have been increasingly applied in the field of organic optoelectronics [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ], such as organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), liquid crystal displays (LCDs), solar cells, and optical storage devices. As one of the important categories of expanding π-conjugated organic materials, discotic liquid crystal materials have attracted more and more attention owing to their excellent self-assembly and self-healing properties [ 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”