3D Visualization of Urban Data Based on CityGML with WebGL

Gesquière, Gilles; Manin, Alexis

doi:10.4018/ij3dim.2012070101

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It currently features scenes of 3D city models but doesn't provide an alternative to develop additional behaviours. Another solution has been proposed by Gesquière and Manin [Gesquière and Manin 2012]. It provides a WebGL visualisation with tiled data (terrain and buildings).…”

Section: Virtual 3d Citymentioning

confidence: 98%

Urban data visualisation in a web browser

Gaillard

Vienne

Baume

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on 3D Web Technology

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CityGML is a recent standard developed to describe, store and exchange virtual city models. Numerous software programmes have been proposed to construct, edit, modify and visualize city models, but visualisation in a web browser is still challenging. In this paper we propose a framework based on standards for visualising a large amount of 3D city data. CityGML files are processed automatically to provide a city model composed of geometries, textures and semantics. Exchanges follow the pending Open Geospatial standard named 3D portrayal. In this paper, we also demonstrate that a solution where semantics and geometries are exchanged together is possible. An effort has been made to show that an approach based on progressive textures may also be possible.

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Section: Virtual 3d Citymentioning

confidence: 98%

Urban data visualisation in a web browser

Gaillard

Vienne

Baume

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on 3D Web Technology

Self Cite

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“…A set of web standards and formats (e.g., WebGL, X3D, X3DOM) tackle the demand for plugin-free 3D rendering in web browsers and form the basis of several approaches and solutions in this field (Prieto and Izkara, 2012, Gesquire, 2012, Christen et al, 2012. These approaches utilize transferred 3D geometry and textures for rendering.…”

Section: Foundations and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable Multi-Platform Distribution of Spatial 3d Contents

Klimke

Hagedorn

Döllner

2013

ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:Virtual 3D city models provide powerful user interfaces for communication of 2D and 3D geoinformation. Providing high quality visualization of massive 3D geoinformation in a scalable, fast, and cost efficient manner is still a challenging task. Especially for mobile and web-based system environments, software and hardware configurations of target systems differ significantly. This makes it hard to provide fast, visually appealing renderings of 3D data throughout a variety of platforms and devices. Current mobile or web-based solutions for 3D visualization usually require raw 3D scene data such as triangle meshes together with textures delivered from server to client, what makes them strongly limited in terms of size and complexity of the models they can handle. In this paper, we introduce a new approach for provisioning of massive, virtual 3D city models on different platforms namely web browsers, smartphones or tablets, by means of an interactive map assembled from artificial oblique image tiles. The key concept is to synthesize such images of a virtual 3D city model by a 3D rendering service in a preprocessing step. This service encapsulates model handling and 3D rendering techniques for high quality visualization of massive 3D models. By generating image tiles using this service, the 3D rendering process is shifted from the client side, which provides major advantages: (a) The complexity of the 3D city model data is decoupled from data transfer complexity (b) the implementation of client applications is simplified significantly as 3D rendering is encapsulated on server side (c) 3D city models can be easily deployed for and used by a large number of concurrent users, leading to a high degree of scalability of the overall approach. All core 3D rendering techniques are performed on a dedicated 3D rendering server, and thin-client applications can be compactly implemented for various devices and platforms.

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“…For instance, they may be used for shadowing simulations (Strzalka et al, 2012;Alam et al, 2013;Li et al, 2015), estimation of noise pollution (Stoter et al, 2008), energy demand estimation (Strzalka et al, 2011;Bahu et al, 2013), simulating floods (Varduhn et al, 2015), analysing wind comfort (Amorim et al, 2012), and visualisation (Gesquière and Manin, 2012).…”

Section: Lod0 and Lod1 Familiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An improved LOD specification for 3D building models

Biljecki

Ledoux

Stoter

2016

Computers, Environment and Urban Systems

352

176

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The level of detail (LOD) concept of the OGC standard CityGML 2.0 is intended to differentiate multi-scale representations of semantic 3D city models. The concept is in practice principally used to indicate the geometric detail of a model, primarily of buildings. Despite the popularity and the general acceptance of this categorisation, we argue in this paper that from a geometric point of view the five LODs are insufficient and that their specification is ambiguous.We solve these shortcomings with a better definition of LODs and their refinement. Hereby we present a refined set of 16 LODs focused on the grade of the exterior geometry of buildings, which provide a stricter specification and allow less modelling freedom. This series is a result of an exhaustive research into currently available 3D city models, production workflows, and capabilities of acquisition techniques. Our specification also includes two hybrid models that reflect common acquisition practices. The new LODs are in line with the LODs of CityGML 2.0, and are intended to supplement, rather than replace the geometric part of the current specification. While in our paper we focus on the geometric aspect of the models, our specification is compatible with different levels of semantic granularity. Furthermore, the improved LODs can be considered format-agnostic.Among other benefits, the refined specification could be useful for companies for a better definition of their product portfolios, and for researchers to specify data requirements when presenting use cases of 3D city models. We support our refined LODs with experiments, proving their uniqueness by showing that each yields a different result in a 3D spatial operation.Keywords: Level of detail; 3D city modelling; 3D GIS; 3D building models; CityGML; Scale Highlights• CityGML LODs are an industry standard for conveying the grade of 3D city models.• The 5 LODs are not defined precisely, and they are not sufficient for this purpose.• We present a refined series of 16 LODs that overcomes these issues.

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3D Visualization of Urban Data Based on CityGML with WebGL

Cited by 28 publications

References 13 publications

Urban data visualisation in a web browser

Urban data visualisation in a web browser

Scalable Multi-Platform Distribution of Spatial 3d Contents

An improved LOD specification for 3D building models

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