4  Mb/s under a 3  m transmission distance using a quantum dot light-emitting diode and NRZ-OOK modulation

Xiao, Hua; Wang, Rui; He, Gufeng; Lv, Zhijian; Liu, Zhaojun; Wang, Kai

doi:10.1364/ol.386175

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…These LEDs were initially used for high-speed transmission in the photoluminescence mode, where these materials are optically excited to provide balanced white emissions [42][43][44] . In the past two years, several studies have investigated the modulation performance of electroluminescent CdSe/ZnS QLEDs [45][46][47] , and a 3 m free-space VLC link with a data rate of 4 Mbps using such a QLED was recently reported 46 . Similar to the previous studies on OLEDs, the bandwidth of these QLEDs could be improved via the reduction of the device area and optimization of the CTLs 46,47 .…”

Section: Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past two years, several studies have investigated the modulation performance of electroluminescent CdSe/ZnS QLEDs [45][46][47] , and a 3 m free-space VLC link with a data rate of 4 Mbps using such a QLED was recently reported 46 . Similar to the previous studies on OLEDs, the bandwidth of these QLEDs could be improved via the reduction of the device area and optimization of the CTLs 46,47 . The large surface-to-volume ratio of CQDs can normally promote the formation of trap states or vacancies 18 , this might also lead to an increase in the device capacitance.…”

Section: Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…f −3dB , −3 dB modulation bandwidth. g, The −3 dB bandwidth versus current density of reported studies covering OLEDs [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]38 , QLEDs 45,46 and PeLEDs 50,51 . R, red; G, green; B, blue; NIR, near-infrared.…”

Section: Enhancing the Eqe Towards Practical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging light-emitting diodes for next-generation data communications

et al. 2021

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emiconductor lasers have typically been used to tackle speed and capacity bottlenecks in data communications 1 . However, due to the relatively high manufacturing costs and the relatively complex driver circuits of lasers 2 , as well as eye safety issues, alternative solutions have been sought for future applications in human-centric systems, short-distance communications and indoor wireless data services. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are a cost-effective and low-power alternative 2-4 . LED-based links are, in particular, expected to be extensively used in Internet of Things (IoT) and 6G technologies, and in moderate/high-speed photonic interconnects, visible light communications (VLC), underwater communications and accurate indoor positioning applications [2][3][4][5] .The potential use of LEDs in next-generation data communications is driven by the rapid development of energy-efficient LEDs that can function as illumination and signalling devices. The concepts and fundamental principles of LED links are illustrated in Box 1. Micro-LEDs (µLEDs) based on crystalline inorganic III-V semiconductors have been widely examined for communications 2 . Because of advances in epitaxy, lithography and flip-chip techniques 6 , III-V µLEDs have delivered a modulation bandwidth from several hundred megahertz to over one gigahertz 2,7 . A non-polar m-plane InGaN/GaN µLED with a high modulation bandwidth of 1.5 GHz was demonstrated in 2018 7 , and a 1.3 GHz electrical-to-optical bandwidth quantum dot (QD) µLED was recently reported with a data rate of 4 Gbps (ref. 8 ). Nevertheless, conventional approaches are challenged by the high requirements for low size, weight, power and cost of next-generation data communication systems 5,9,10 .Organic semiconductors, colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) and metal halide perovskites offer tailorable optoelectronic properties, mechanical flexibility and low-cost processing 10 . These characteristics make them attractive candidates for use in low-cost and low-power LED links in next-generation integrated and scalable data communication modules. Thus, while conventional inorganic thin-film technologies are likely to continue to play a dominant role in optical communications 9,11 , we believe that LEDs based on these emerging materials can provide a complementary role. In this Review, we examine the development of emerging semiconductor materials for LEDs and colour converters. We first consider the fundamentals of LED-based optical communication systems, and then explore efforts to boost the frequency response and enhance the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of LEDs based on emerging materials. Finally, we consider the challenges that exist in developing these LEDs for practical communication systems.

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Section: Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging light-emitting diodes for next-generation data communications

et al. 2021

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“…Currently, most VLC systems use intensity modulation (IM) direct detection systems, and most of the coding methods are binary OOK (on-off keying) codes. Xiao et al [18] proposed a real-time visible light transmission network based on non-return-tozero on-off keying modulation (NRZ-OOK) with a transmission rate of 550 Mbit/s. Wang et al [19] proposed a modulation technique based on phase shift Manchester coding (PS-Manchester) and mixed time-frequency equalisation, which used RGB-LED to achieve a higher transmission rate.…”

Section: Related Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

ARM-Based Indoor RGB-LED Visible Light Communication System

Bao

Mai

Fang

et al. 2022

Scientific Programming

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As a new green solid-state light source, semiconductor light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have the advantages of low power consumption, small size, long life, short response time, and good modulation performance. At the same time, the frequency band to which LED light sources belong does not require regulatory registration, thus alleviating the current problem of spectrum scarcity for wireless communications. However, white LED-based visible light communication (VLC) systems suffer from limited bandwidth and low energy efficiency. Therefore, an ARM-based indoor RGB-LED VLC system is proposed. Firstly, the three RGB colours are mixed into white light, thus obtaining a larger modulation bandwidth than normal white LEDs while illuminating normally. Secondly, the S3C6410 processor is used to modulate and demodulate the RGB-LEDs with biased light OFDM, thus obtaining a high spectrum utilisation while ensuring system transmission stability. Then, according to the characteristics of the light source of the VLC system, the leading and window functions used in the optical network transceiver module are designed to improve the communication energy efficiency of the system. Finally, functional tests were carried out on an ARM development board. The experimental results show that with a single RGB-LED light source, the maximum transmission distance is 5 cm, the maximum average delay is 68 ms, the maximum throughput is 25 Mbps, and the BER is controlled below 3.2 × 10−3, which meets the basic communication requirements.

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“…Nevertheless, multifunctional QLEDs are also becoming highly sought after for various emerging fields, such as optical communication and on-chip integration applications. 8,9 Wang et al have discussed the feasibility of QLEDs in visual light communication, 10 where the influence of driving current and device area are investigated in detail. The photomedical applications of QLEDs have also been reported by virtue of the flexible and pure deep red properties.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory-Enabled Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes

Meng,

Bai,

Zhou

et al. 2024

J. Phys. Chem. Lett.

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Quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) with memory capability can provide multifunctional integration properties in on-chip and intelligent electronic applications. Herein, memory properties are achieved by inserting a tungsten oxide (WO x ) film between the ZnO electron-transporting layer and cathode. Pentavalent tungsten ions (W 5+ ) in this nonstoichiometric WO x film can be oxidized to W 6+ by storing holes, inducing significant electrons in the adjacent ZnO layer. Hole storage in the WO x layer suppresses electron injection into the quantum dot emissive layer, hence reducing electroluminescence intensity on the onset stage of the QLEDs. This operation-history correlation for the electroluminescence intensity means a memory behavior for the QLEDs. Furthermore, the power efficiency of the devices is greatly improved after inserting the WO x layer due to electrical field-dependent selfadaptive electron injection into the quantum dots (QDs). We anticipate this type of QLEDs have potential applications in on-chip integration applications, such as the optical computing field and storage.

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4 Mb/s under a 3 m transmission distance using a quantum dot light-emitting diode and NRZ-OOK modulation

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Emerging light-emitting diodes for next-generation data communications

Emerging light-emitting diodes for next-generation data communications

ARM-Based Indoor RGB-LED Visible Light Communication System

Memory-Enabled Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes

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