43-Year Temporal Trends in Immune Response to Oral Bacteria in a Swedish Population

Esberg, Anders; Johansson, Anders; Claesson, Rolf; Johansson, Ingegerd

doi:10.3390/pathogens9070544

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…We also found smoking to be associated with reduced levels of C. matruchotii, which also coincides with some previous studies [ 12 , 15 ], but not others [ 17 , 48 ]. Notably, C. matruchotii has been suggested to be a low immunogenic species compared to other oral bacteria [ 49 ], and the finding that C. matruchotii possesses the ability to bind glycolipids isolated from tissues is of interest for future studies. Genetic tools are required to further understand C. matruchotii [ 12 , 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corynebacterium matruchotii Demography and Adhesion Determinants in the Oral Cavity of Healthy Individuals

et al. 2020

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Corynebacterium matruchotii may be key in tooth biofilm formation, but information about demographics, bacterial partners, and binding ligands is limited. The aims of this study were to explore C. matruchotii’s demography by age and colonization site (plaque and saliva), in vitro bacterial–bacterial interactions in coaggregation and coadhesion assays, and glycolipids as potential binding ligands in thin-layer chromatogram binding assays. C. matruchotii prevalence increased from 3 months to 18 years old, with 90% and 100% prevalence in saliva and tooth biofilm, respectively. C. matruchotii aggregated in saliva in a dose-dependent manner but lacked the ability to bind to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite. In vivo, C. matruchotii abundance paralleled that of Actinomyces naeslundii, Capnocytophaga sp. HMT 326, Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. polymorphum, and Tannerella sp. HMT 286. In vitro, C. matruchotii bound both planktonic and surface-bound A. naeslundii, Actinomyces odontolyticus, and F. nucleatum. In addition, C. matruchotii exhibited the ability to bind glycolipids isolated from human erythrocytes (blood group O), human granulocytes, rabbit intestine, human meconium, and rat intestine. Binding assays identified candidate carbohydrate ligands as isoglobotriaosylceramide, Galα3-isoglobotriaosylceramide, lactotriaosylceramide, lactotetraosylceramide, neolactotetraosylceramide, and neolactohexaosylceramide. Thus, C. matruchotii likely uses specific plaque bacteria to adhere to the biofilm and may interact with human tissues through carbohydrate interactions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corynebacterium matruchotii Demography and Adhesion Determinants in the Oral Cavity of Healthy Individuals

et al. 2020

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“…Antibody detection was done using a multiplex immunoblotting assay in a checkerboard device, as previously described [31,32]. Briefly, a nitrocellulose membrane (Amersham™ Protran ® GE10600003, Merck, Solna, Sweden), which had been pre-wet (18 Ω Milli-Q Biocel, Merck Solna, Sweden) and equilibrated in TBS for 10 min, was loaded in a Miniblotter device (Miniblotter 45MN, Interchime, Montlucon Cedex, France) according to the manufacturer's instructions.…”

Section: Blood Collection and Serum Antibody Profile Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heritability of Oral Microbiota and Immune Responses to Oral Bacteria

et al. 2020

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Maintaining a symbiotic oral microbiota is essential for oral and dental health, and host genetic factors may affect the composition or function of the oral microbiota through a range of possible mechanisms, including immune pathways. The study included 836 Swedish twins divided into separate groups of adolescents (n = 418) and unrelated adults (n = 418). Oral microbiota composition and functions of non-enzymatically lysed oral bacteria samples were evaluated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and functional bioinformatics tools in the adolescents. Adaptive immune responses were assessed by testing for serum IgG antibodies against a panel of common oral bacteria in adults. In the adolescents, host genetic factors were associated with both the detection and abundance of microbial species, but with considerable variation between species. Host genetic factors were associated with predicted microbiota functions, including several functions related to bacterial sucrose, fructose, and carbohydrate metabolism. In adults, genetic factors were associated with serum antibodies against oral bacteria. In conclusion, host genetic factors affect the composition of the oral microbiota at a species level, and host-governed adaptive immune responses, and also affect the concerted functions of the oral microbiota as a whole. This may help explain why some people are genetically predisposed to the major dental diseases of caries and periodontitis.

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“…Recent findings indicate high systemic immunoreactivity against A.a. when compared with several other bacterial species that are commonly detected in the human commensal microflora (4). A.a. produces a toxin called leukotoxin A (LtxA), which is a major virulence factor in periodontitis in young individuals (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibodies to leukotoxin A from the periodontal pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in patients at an increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis

et al. 2023

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ObjectivesPeriodontitis and underlying bacteria have been linked to the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). One suggested pathogen is Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.), which expresses leukotoxin A (LtxA) that can citrullinate human proteins, providing a possible trigger for the production of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA). In this study, we seek to determine the presence of antibodies toward LtxA in patients at risk of developing RA.MethodsTwo prospective observational patient cohorts (one Swedish and one British) with symptomatic at-risk patients were studied. Anti-LtxA antibodies were analyzed by a cell-based neutralization assay in baseline serum and compared to 100 Swedish blood donors that served as controls.ResultsSerum anti-LtxA levels or positivity did not differ between patients and blood donors. In the British cohort, anti-LtxA was more prevalent among ACPA-positive arthralgia patients compared with ACPA-negative arthralgia cases (24% vs. 13%, p < 0.0001). In the Swedish at-risk cohort, anti-LtxA positive patients were at increased risk of progression to arthritis (hazard ratio (HR) 2.10, 95% CI 1.04–4.20), but this was not confirmed in the UK at-risk cohort (HR 0.99, CI 0.60–1.65).ConclusionSerum anti-LtxA is not elevated before RA diagnosis, and associations with disease progression and ACPA levels differ between populations. Other features of the oral microbiome should be explored in upcoming periodontitis-related RA research.

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43-Year Temporal Trends in Immune Response to Oral Bacteria in a Swedish Population

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Corynebacterium matruchotii Demography and Adhesion Determinants in the Oral Cavity of Healthy Individuals

Corynebacterium matruchotii Demography and Adhesion Determinants in the Oral Cavity of Healthy Individuals

Heritability of Oral Microbiota and Immune Responses to Oral Bacteria

Antibodies to leukotoxin A from the periodontal pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in patients at an increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis

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