4D electron imaging: principles and perspectives

Shorokhov, Dmitry; Zewail, Ahmed H.

doi:10.1039/b801626g

Cited by 67 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The experimental data have been renormalized to the theoretical results, which are shown by vertical bars. As can be seen, CH 4 photoionization mainly leads to CH + 4 ions in the ground vibrational state v = 0 of its stretching mode. This is because the equilibrium geometries of CH 4 and CH + 4 are very similar.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…μ α η l η is the dipole-transition matrix element between the initial electronic state ψ 0 and the final electronic continuum state ψ α η l η of CH 4 , α denotes the electronic state of the residual ion, η is the symmetry of the final state, χ M,v is the initial vibrational state, χ M + α ,v is the final vibrational state, ω is the photon energy, and ε is the photoelectron energy.…”

Section: First-principles Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Making use of the accurate Morse potential parameters given in Ref. [32] (CH 4 : ω e = 3059.9 cm −1 , ω e x e = 13.7 cm −1 ; CH +1s 4 : ω e = 3383.5 cm −1 and ω e x e = 15.8 cm −1 ), we have evaluated the vibrational wave functions by diagonalizing the vibrational hamiltonian in a basis of 1000 B splines within a box of 10 a.u.…”

Section: First-principles Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The specific example we consider here is vibrationally resolved C(1s) photoionization of CH 4 , a molecule for which there is a vast literature [26][27][28][29], but no evidence of diffraction has been reported so far. This is partly due to the need for high kinetic-energy resolution in combination with high photon energy (that of x rays) but also to the fact that emission of a fast electron is accompanied by recoil of the residual cation [28], thus leading to a redistribution of the available energy even on symmetry-forbidden vibrational modes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, they can efficiently diffract at crystals, exactly as normal waves do when they strike a diffraction grating. From the observed diffraction patterns, one can then deduce quantitative structural information such as lattice constants and symmetry [1][2][3][4]. When used with ultrahigh time resolution, they even allow one to map structural changes as those occurring in phase transitions [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intramolecular electron diffraction in vibrationally resolvedK-shell photoionization of methane

et al. 2012

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Current techniques based on x-ray or electron diffraction are successfully employed for structure determination in condensed matter but are sometimes limited when applied to low density media such as the gas phase. Here we show that vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectroscopy based on x rays generated by third generation synchrotron light sources can be used to infer the structure of isolated molecules in a simple and efficient way. In particular, we show that vibrational ratios obtained from inner shell C 1s photoelectron spectroscopy of isolated methane molecules exhibit pronounced oscillations that are the fingerprints of electron diffraction by the surrounding atomic centers, thus providing the necessary information for the determination of the molecular geometry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: First-principles Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: First-principles Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intramolecular electron diffraction in vibrationally resolvedK-shell photoionization of methane

et al. 2012

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Introduction

Vogel¹

2010

Nanotechnology

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While fascinating medical applications of engineered nanoparticles are at the forefront of the public perception of how nanotechnologies will change the detection and treatment of disease – as comprehensively reviewed in this volume – even more long‐range medical impact is expected to come from the application of nanotechnology tools to quantify biological processes at the nanoscale. Today, not only can images be taken with steadily improved spatial and temporal resolution; combined with unprecedented abilities to conduct quantitative measurements on biological nanosystems and living cells, we are entering a new era in biomedical sciences. Biologists, physical scientists and engineers have begun to analyze biological nanosystems in action, as well as the factors that cause their malfunction. Never before was it possible to elucidate how the molecular components in cells work together when integrated into complex systems. As enabled by nanotechnologies, the major focus of this introductory chapter – and of the book in its entirety – is to describe selected examples from the forefront of scientific discovery. In this context, it is discussed how this plethora of new tools can be used to distil underpinning mechanisms and engineering design principles that Nature has evolved and uses to build and operate its nanoscale machineries. Most importantly, this finally leads into an exploration as to how these novel insights into the biological nanoworld might provide new solutions for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

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Light Emission of Self‐Trapped Excitons in Inorganic Metal Halides for Optoelectronic Applications

et al. 2022

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Self‐trapped excitons (STEs) have recently attracted tremendous interest due to their broadband emission, high photoluminescence quantum yield, and self‐absorption‐free properties, which enable a large range of optoelectronic applications such as lighting, displays, radiation detection, and special sensors. Unlike free excitons, the formation of STEs requires strong coupling between excited state excitons and the soft lattice in low electronic dimensional materials. The chemical and structural diversity of metal halides provides an ideal platform for developing efficient STE emission materials. Herein, an overview of recent progress on STE emission materials for optoelectronic applications is presented. The relationships between the fundamental emission mechanisms, chemical compositions, and device performances are systematically reviewed. On this basis, currently existing challenges and possible development opportunities in this field are presented.

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4D electron imaging: principles and perspectives

Cited by 67 publications

References 69 publications

Intramolecular electron diffraction in vibrationally resolvedK-shell photoionization of methane

Intramolecular electron diffraction in vibrationally resolvedK-shell photoionization of methane

Introduction

Light Emission of Self‐Trapped Excitons in Inorganic Metal Halides for Optoelectronic Applications

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