4D surface seismic tracks small supercritical CO2 injection into the subsurface: CO2CRC Otway Project

Pevzner, Roman; Urošević, Milovan; Popik, Dmitry; Shulakova, Valeriya; Tertyshnikov, K.; Caspari, Eva; Correa, Julia; Dance, Tess; Kepic, Anton; Glubokovskikh, Stanislav; Ziramov, Sasha; Gurevich, Boris; Singh, Rajindar; Raab, Matthias; Watson, Max; Daley, T. M.; Robertson, Michelle; Freifeld, Barry

doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2017.05.008

Cited by 60 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Stage 1 of the project, completed in 2010, utilized conventional surface 4D seismic in conjunction with 4D vertical seismic profiling (VSP) acquired with geophones to conduct primarily assurance monitoring of 65,000 t of a CO 2 /CH 4 gas mixture injection into a depleted gas reservoir at 2 km depth (Jenkins et al, 2012;Gurevich et al, 2014). The Stage 2C study successfully imaged the evolution of a small (5000-15,000 t) plume at 1.5 km depth using a buried geophone array and 4D VSP (Pevzner et al, 2017). Starting from a successful trial of DAS conducted on the site in 2012 (Daley et al, 2013), this technology became an important component of the seismic monitoring program.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of signal to noise and directivity characteristics of DAS VSP at near and far offsets — A CO2CRC Otway Project data example

et al. 2017

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During the last decade, distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) has emerged as a new technology for seismic acquisition. DAS has the potential to reduce the cost of permanent monitoring operations over time as it offers long equipment survivability and requires minimum maintenance. However, broad adoption of DAS technology still faces some challenges, such as low sensitivity and high levels of noise compared to conventional seismic sensors. Recent developments in fiber-optic systems and cable designs aim to overcome these limitations. To understand how DAS can be used in monitoring applications, it is important to know how it behaves with varying offsets and incidence angles. An offset VSP survey was acquired, at the CO2CRC Otway Project, using a straight single-mode fiber, a straight "enhancedbackscatter" fiber, and a conventional three-component geophone tool. The results from this survey show that DAS has the potential to provide similar, or even superior, quality data sets as conventional geophones.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of signal to noise and directivity characteristics of DAS VSP at near and far offsets — A CO2CRC Otway Project data example

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“…where θ is the specified threshold. Substituting Eqn (5) into Eqn (4) produces the depth-maximized, threshold-limited moment equation utilized here as…”

Section: Spatial Moment Analysis Based Plume Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A majority of GCS field projects to date have combined direct saturation measurements obtained at monitoring wells with indirect measurements such as 4‐D seismic (time lapse 3‐D seismic and vertical seismic profile (VSP)) to monitor the injected CO 2 plume and its spatio‐temporal evolution. Monitoring observations at these sites demonstrate how site‐specific geologic complexity strongly affects the shape and evolution of CO 2 plumes …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monitoring observations at these sites demonstrate how site-specific geologic complexity strongly affects the shape and evolution of CO 2 plumes. [3][4][5][6] After the injection of CO 2 stops, the relative contributions of various long-term trapping mechanisms determine the fractions of CO 2 as free-phase, dissolved in in-situ fluids (e.g., brine), and reacted with the reservoir rocks during the post-injection period. 7 As the effect of pressure drive during the post-injection phase decreases, the buoyancy of CO 2 and site-specific reservoir and sealing formation bed topology, permeability heterogeneity, and potentially fault or fracture topology can influence spatial evolution of the mobile, or free-phase, CO 2 plume and its movement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of quantitative metrics of plume migration at geologic CO₂ storage sites

et al. 2019

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We develop plume migration metrics based on spatial moment analysis methods that quantify the spatio‐temporal evolution of plumes at geologic CO2 storage sites. The metrics are generalized to handle any 3‐D scalar attribute field values. Within the geologic CO2 storage context, these can be parameters such as CO2 saturation, effective pressure, overpressure, dissolved CO2 concentration, total dissolved solids, pH, and other attributes that are critical for assessing risks. The metrics are comprehensive in that they can effectively handle and account for complex continuous and discontinuous plumes and intra‐plume migration. We demonstrate the metrics on simulated CO2 plumes injected into flat and tilted reservoirs with homogeneous and heterogeneous permeability fields. Using these idealized reservoir scenarios, we demonstrate the information that the metrics extract, showing that the metrics elucidate nuances in plume migration not apparent by standard approaches to the scalar fields values. Published 2019. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

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“…Otway project is a first demonstration of geological storage of CO2-rich gas deep underground in Australia. Stage 2C of the Otway project addresses the challenges of monitoring of injection using time-lapse seismic methods (Pevzner et al, 2017). The main component of the project is the monitoring of the injected gas using 4D surface seismic acquired with buried receiver array and 4D VSP datasets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anisotropy analysis from 3D VSP surveys acquired at Otway site

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Bóna

Pevzner

2019

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Knowledge of seismic anisotropy is highly important for Otway site as it can improve the quality of seismic imaging and thus provide better 4D signal/noise ratio. The presence of anisotropy has already been reported at the Otway site. Comparison of geophone and DAS VSP data and its application for anisotropy analysis is presented in this article based on 3D VSP surveys acquired during Stage 2C of the Otway Project.

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4D surface seismic tracks small supercritical CO2 injection into the subsurface: CO2CRC Otway Project

Cited by 60 publications

References 31 publications

Analysis of signal to noise and directivity characteristics of DAS VSP at near and far offsets — A CO2CRC Otway Project data example

Analysis of signal to noise and directivity characteristics of DAS VSP at near and far offsets — A CO2CRC Otway Project data example

Development of quantitative metrics of plume migration at geologic CO₂ storage sites

Anisotropy analysis from 3D VSP surveys acquired at Otway site

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4D surface seismic tracks small supercritical CO2 injection into the subsurface: CO2CRC Otway Project

Cited by 60 publications

References 31 publications

Analysis of signal to noise and directivity characteristics of DAS VSP at near and far offsets — A CO2CRC Otway Project data example

Analysis of signal to noise and directivity characteristics of DAS VSP at near and far offsets — A CO2CRC Otway Project data example

Development of quantitative metrics of plume migration at geologic CO2 storage sites

Anisotropy analysis from 3D VSP surveys acquired at Otway site

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Development of quantitative metrics of plume migration at geologic CO₂ storage sites