5-HTTLPR and MTHFR 677C&gt;T polymorphisms and response to yoga-based lifestyle intervention in major depressive disorder: A randomized active-controlled trial

Tolahunase, Madhuri; Sagar, Rajesh; Dada, Rima

doi:10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_398_17

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 124 publications

(158 reference statements)

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“…Of the 34 RCTs included, 11 ( 27 – 30 , 32 , 43 , 44 , 47 , 49 , 52 , 53 ) were from India, 13 ( 31 , 33 , 35 , 36 , 38 – 42 , 46 , 50 , 54 , 55 ) were from the United States, two ( 37 , 38 ) were from Germany, two ( 19 , 34 ) were from the United Kingdom, one ( 51 ) was from Canada, and five ( 45 , 56 – 59 ) were from China. One study ( 29 ) included only male participants, nine studies ( 31 , 33 – 36 , 38 , 55 , 57 , 59 ) included only female participants, three studies ( 31 , 33 , 34 ) had only women with prenatal depression, and one study ( 59 ) included postpartum depression.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among all randomized controlled trials included, four ( 19 , 41 , 46 , 55 ) used Iyengar yoga, seven ( 35 – 37 , 39 , 42 , 43 , 50 ) used Hatha yoga, eight ( 30 , 38 , 44 , 51 , 56 – 59 ) used self-designed yoga based on breathing, meditation, and mindfulness, four ( 27 , 29 , 40 , 52 ) used Sudarshan Kriya yoga, three ( 31 , 33 , 34 ) used yoga specially designed for the middle and late pregnancy, one ( 28 ) used SAHAJ yoga, one ( 48 ) used Ashtanga yoga, one ( 45 ) used Laugher yoga, one ( 32 ) used Yoga Nidra, and four ( 47 , 49 , 53 , 54 ) studies did not mention yoga methods. Seven studies ( 28 , 32 , 37 , 44 , 52 , 56 , 58 ) added yoga as an adjunct to regular treatment, nine studies ( 28 , 35 , 36 , 39 , 40 , 52 , 56 – 58 ) had a duration of 8 weeks, 14 studies ( 19 , 31 , 33 , 34 , 38 , 41 , 43 , 44 , 46 – 49 , 53 , 55 ) had a more extended study duration of 12 weeks, and one study ( 41 ) had a maximum period of 28 months. The mean study d...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean study duration of the studies included here was 10 weeks. Combined pharmacological/psychotherapeutic interventions were allowed in 11 studies ( 28 , 32 , 37 , 48 , 51 – 53 , 56 , 58 ) and no combined intervention in four RCTs ( 27 , 43 – 45 ). The specific characteristics of the included studies are detailed in Table 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 34 included RCTs, 22 studies mentioned randomization ( 19 , 32 , 35 , 36 , 38 , 39 , 41 – 47 , 49 – 51 , 54 – 59 ), 13 studies reported allocation concealment ( 19 , 32 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 46 , 47 , 49 , 55 – 59 ), 18 studies mentioned blinding (three single-blind ( 32 , 41 , 51 ), four studies mentioned double-blind ( 39 , 42 , 50 , 54 ), 11 studies mentioned unblind ( 27 , 38 , 40 , 43 – 47 , 52 , 55 )), and the remaining six studies did not mention blinding; all 35 studies clearly had no other sources of bias and selective reporting of risk ( Supplementary Table 3 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No patients withdrew midway through the study due to skeletal pain or other adverse effects, and no risk of worsening psychiatric symptoms was observed, suggesting that the side effects of yoga are incredibly mild and well tolerated by patients with MDD while having a high-safety profile ( 19 ). There are nine ( 19 , 39 – 43 , 47 , 48 , 51 ) studies that evaluated adverse reactions, and no serious adverse events were found. Among them, mild musculoskeletal soreness occurred in four ( 19 , 39 , 41 , 47 ) studies, but all were relieved during the study, and no subjects were withdrawn.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of yoga for major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Yan

Yang

2023

Front. Psychiatry

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ObjectiveMajor depressive disorder (MDD) has a relapse rate that cannot be ignored and places a tremendous burden on the patient in the prevention and treatment process. Yoga, a combination of physical and mental exercises, is effective and acceptable for the adjunctive treatment of MDD. This study aimed to explore further the evidence of yoga’s efficacy for patients with MDD.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, PsycINFO, SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases from their inception to 13 October 2022 were searched by a pre-defined search strategy. RCTs of patients with MDD who met diagnostic criteria for yoga treatment were included. RoB2.0 was used to evaluate the quality of the literature. Improvement in depressive symptoms was assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), or other scales were used as primary outcome indicators, and improvement in anxiety was assessed by the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scale as secondary outcome indicators. RR and Cohen’s d at 95% CI were used as effect size estimates, and Q and I2 were used to evaluate the size of heterogeneity, with a p-value less than 0.05 indicating statistical significance.ResultsThirty-four RCT studies, including 1,269 patients in the treatment group and 1,072 patients in the control group, 48.4% of whom were women, were included in the study. Compared to the control group, the BDI-II results yielded a moderate effect of yoga on the improvement of depressive symptoms (Cohen’s d = −0.60; 95% CI: −1.00 to −0.21; p < 0.01), the HAMD results yielded a moderate improvement of yoga on the severity of depressive symptoms (Cohen’s d = −0.64; 95% CI: −0.98 to −0.30; p < 0.01), and the STAI results can be concluded that yoga had a negligible effect on the improvement of the level of anxiety (Cohen’s d = −0.26; 95% CI: −0.48 to −0.04; p = 0.02). No adverse events occurred in the yoga group during the treatment.ConclusionYoga can improve depressive symptoms and anxiety in patients with MDD and has a safe and wide patient acceptance.Systematic review registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], identifier [PROSPERO, CRD42022373282].

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