50% Efficiency on a Combustion Engine - Status and Measurement Results

Dreisbach, Rolf; Corsini, Daniele; Egarter, Patrick; Hadl, Klaus; Schäffer, Julian; Seitz, Hans Felix; Theißl, Helmut; Wieser, Martin; Raser, Bernhard

doi:10.1007/978-3-658-35588-3_29

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Even though the internal combustion engine (ICE) has seen significant technological advances since its conception, advances which recently led to very low pollutant emissions and efficiencies close to 50% [2], there is only so much that can be achieved in terms of the efficiency of a thermal engine, since even theoretically this cannot exceed 60-70% (due to unavoidable irreversibility encountered through the transformation of the energy from heat to work), a limit which is getting harder and harder to reach. Furthermore, the peak engine efficiency is limited to a very small area from the engine operating map [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Electric Vehicle Range and Thermal Comfort through an Innovative Seat Heating System

et al. 2023

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In the last decade, car manufactures invested a lot of effort to align their products to the latest energy directives which encourage the production and usage of electrified vehicles to reduce the greenhouse gases production. This resulted in several important developments, which enhanced the advantages of electric vehicles in terms of local emissions (zero tailpipe emissions), efficiency, convenience in urban areas and others and ultimately led to their ever-increasing adoption. However, there are still some challenges that need to be addressed. One example is the negative influence of low (winter) and high (summer) atmospheric temperatures on electric vehicle range due to the cabin temperature heating and cooling. This requires more efficient ways of using energy to avoid sacrificing the passenger thermal comfort for an increased vehicle range. The present study proposes a new strategy for heating the seats in electrically powered vehicles using an uneven distribution of the heating elements. The uneven positioning of the heating elements is based on the thermal sensitivity of the human skin measured data and scientific literature. For this, a thermal sensitivity test device was developed to map the human skin thermal sensitivity. To test the new solution, a vehicle seat was equipped with heating pads (arranged according to the position of the relevant human skin thermal sensitivity points). For the next step, comparative measurements (power consumption, temperature distribution—with an IR camera—and human subjectivity test) were carried out between a classical vehicle seat heating system and the newly proposed heating solution. The outcome of the study revealed that the proposed heating system will supply at least the same thermal comfort sensation as the standard vehicle seat but using only half of the energy consumption, which translates in an increase of the electrically powered vehicle range between 1.2% and 1.5%, depending on the climate and driving conditions (over the WLTC). For example, a vehicle with a 16 kWh battery driving over the WLTC in Frankfurt climate conditions can gain in 1 year between 139.6 and 164.5 km.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Electric Vehicle Range and Thermal Comfort through an Innovative Seat Heating System

et al. 2023

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“…One of the primary technologies used to reduce engine out NOx emission is the use of cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). Research studies carried out across multiple domains by engine/vehicle original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and others have identified air handling as one of the technologies to help meet next-generation regulations (Joshi, 2020;Dreisbach et al 2021). This includes more efficient turbomachinery which helps improve engine efficiency and thus reduce GHGs.…”

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confidence: 99%

48V EGR Pump System Development and Fuel Benefit Evaluation

Bagal

Bhardwaj

2022

Front. Mech. Eng.

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Upcoming global emission regulations include considerable reduction in emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and greenhouse gases (GHGs) for vehicles with heavy-duty (HD) diesel application. These regulations will phase between 2024 and 2030 in the United States and the European Union. CARB Regulations include up to 90% reduction in NOx levels along with ∼25% reduction in CO2. One of the primary technologies used to reduce engine out NOx emission is the use of cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). Research studies carried out across multiple domains by engine/vehicle original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and others have identified air handling as one of the technologies to help meet next-generation regulations (Joshi, 2020; Dreisbach et al. 2021). This includes more efficient turbomachinery which helps improve engine efficiency and thus reduce GHGs. This has an adverse effect on driving EGR which affects engine out NOx. In this study, the development and performance impact of the EGR pump is investigated, which allows improved engine fuel efficiency without the corresponding penalty to engine out NOx. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to optimize the EGR pump design, which leads to reduction in fluid-borne noise of the pump, which is then evaluated for fuel benefits using a calibrated GT-POWER engine model.

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50% Efficiency on a Combustion Engine - Status and Measurement Results

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Improving Electric Vehicle Range and Thermal Comfort through an Innovative Seat Heating System

Improving Electric Vehicle Range and Thermal Comfort through an Innovative Seat Heating System

48V EGR Pump System Development and Fuel Benefit Evaluation

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