60Co content in the spent graphite masonry of commercial reactors at the siberian chemical combine

Conditioning of high level reactor core graphite waste using self-propagating high temperature synthesis

“…Радионуклидный состав и уровни радиоактивного загрязнения графитовых кладок и втулок остановленных уран графитовых реакторов рассмотрены в работах [1 -9]. Среди активационных радионуклидов наибольший вклад в радиоактивность графита вносят 14 С, 3 Н и 60 Со, равномерно распределенные по всей кладке графита. Их удель ная активность по графиту составляет 10 8 -10 9 Бк/кг.…”

“…В первом варианте, более простом в осуществлении, образуется продукт, имеющий поры и удельную поверхность 1 -3 м 2 /г. Плотность такого материала изменяется в пределах 2,3 -2,6 г/см 3…”

“…The radioactivity of graphite stacking of the reactor under decommissioning is determined by the products of graphite and its impurities activation, as well as the nuclear fuel elements and fission products penetrating the graphite stacking ("spill") as a result of abnormal situations and events associated with a broken tightness of fuel element and destruction of fuel assembly. The principal radionuclides resulting in graphite activation are 14 С, 3 Н, and 60 Со uniformly distributed over the entire graphite stack. Their specific activity in terms of graphite amounts to 10 8 -10 9 Bq/kg.…”

Laser Activation of Isotope Selective Processes in a Magnetic Field

“…For this purpose, radioactive graphite is pulverized and burned in a furnace at a temperature of 800-1200 °C and a radioactive compound 14 CO 2 is formed in the process. Some radioactive elements remain in the form of ash in the solid phase and carbon turns into carbon monoxide [1].…”